Hernández-Becerra Ezequiel, Gutiérrez-Cortez Elsa, Del Real Alicia, Rojas-Molina Alejandra, Rodríguez-García Mario, Rubio Efraín, Quintero-García Michelle, Rojas-Molina Isela
Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, C.P. 76010 Querétaro, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, C.P. 76010 Querétaro, Mexico.
Nutrients. 2017 Feb 4;9(2):108. doi: 10.3390/nu9020108.
Mechanical, microstructural properties, mineral content and bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur were evaluated in growing rats fed with (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae) cladodes at different maturity stages as calcium source. Male weanling rats were fed with cladodes at early maturity stage (25 and 60 days of age, belonging to groups N-60 and N-200, respectively) and cladodes at late maturity stage (100 and 135 days of age, belonging to groups N-400 and N-600, respectively) for 6 weeks. Additionally, a control group fed with calcium carbonate as calcium source was included for comparative purposes. All diets were fitted to the same calcium content (5 g/kg diet). The failure load of femurs was significantly lower ( ≤ 0.05) in groups N-60 and N-200 in comparison to N-400, N-600 and control groups. The cortical width (Ct.Wi) and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) of the femurs in control and N-600 groups were significantly higher ( ≤ 0.05) than Ct.Wi and Tb.Th of femurs in groups N-60 and N-200. Trabecular separation of the femurs in N-60 and N-200 groups showed the highest values compared with all experimental groups. The highest calcium content in the femurs were observed in control, N-600 and N-400 groups; whereas the lowest phosphorus content in the bones were detected in N-200, N-600 and N-400 groups. Finally, the BMD in all experimental groups increased with age; nevertheless, the highest values were observed in N-600 and control groups during pubertal and adolescence stages. The results derived from this research demonstrate, for the first time, that the calcium found in cladodes is actually bioavailable and capable of improving mineral density and mechanical and microstructural properties of the bones. These findings suggest that the consumption of cladodes at late maturity stage within the diet might have a beneficial impact on bone health.
在以不同成熟阶段的仙人掌（仙人掌科）肉质茎作为钙源喂养的生长大鼠中，对股骨的力学性能、微观结构特性、矿物质含量和骨矿物质密度（BMD）进行了评估。将雄性断奶大鼠分别用早熟阶段的肉质茎（25日龄和60日龄，分别属于N - 60组和N - 200组）和晚熟阶段的肉质茎（100日龄和135日龄，分别属于N - 400组和N - 600组）喂养6周。此外，为了进行比较，还设立了一个以碳酸钙作为钙源的对照组。所有日粮的钙含量均设定为相同水平（5 g/kg日粮）。与N - 400组、N - 600组和对照组相比，N - 60组和N - 200组的股骨破坏载荷显著更低（≤0.05）。对照组和N - 600组股骨的皮质宽度（Ct.Wi）和小梁厚度（Tb.Th）显著高于（≤0.05）N - 60组和N - 200组股骨的Ct.Wi和Tb.Th。与所有实验组相比，N - 60组和N - 200组股骨的小梁间距显示出最高值。在对照组、N - 600组和N - 400组中观察到股骨中的钙含量最高；而在N - 200组、N - 600组和N - 400组中检测到骨骼中的磷含量最低。最后，所有实验组的骨矿物质密度均随年龄增加；然而，在青春期和青少年阶段，N - 600组和对照组中观察到的值最高。这项研究首次得出的结果表明，仙人掌肉质茎中发现的钙实际上是可生物利用的，并且能够改善骨骼的矿物质密度以及力学和微观结构特性。这些发现表明，在日粮中食用晚熟阶段的肉质茎可能对骨骼健康有有益影响。
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