Wankhade Umesh D, Rane Sushil G
Cell Growth and Metabolism Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Research Center, West Laboratories 5-5940, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2017;1566:17-24. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6820-6_3.
Adipose tissue dysfunction is typically seen in metabolic diseases, particularly obesity and diabetes. White adipocytes store fat while brown adipocyte dissipates it via thermogenesis. In addition, beige adipocytes develop in white fat depots in response to stimulation of β-adrenergic pathways. It appears that the three types of adipocytes-white, brown, and beige-can be formed de novo from stem/precursor cells or via transdifferentiation. Identifying the presumptive progenitors that harbor capacity to differentiate to these distinct adipocyte cell types will enable their functional characterization. Moreover, the presence or absence of white/brown/beige adipocytes is correlated with metabolic dysfunction making their study of medical relevance. Robust, reliable, and reproducible methods of identification and isolation of adipocyte progenitors will stimulate further detailed understanding of white, brown, and beige adipogenesis.
脂肪组织功能障碍通常见于代谢性疾病,尤其是肥胖症和糖尿病。白色脂肪细胞储存脂肪,而棕色脂肪细胞通过产热消耗脂肪。此外,米色脂肪细胞在白色脂肪库中因β-肾上腺素能途径的刺激而形成。似乎这三种类型的脂肪细胞——白色、棕色和米色——可以从干细胞/前体细胞重新形成,也可以通过转分化形成。鉴定具有分化为这些不同脂肪细胞类型能力的推定祖细胞将有助于对其进行功能表征。此外,白色/棕色/米色脂肪细胞的存在与否与代谢功能障碍相关,这使得对它们的研究具有医学相关性。强大、可靠且可重复的脂肪细胞祖细胞鉴定和分离方法将促进对白色、棕色和米色脂肪生成的更深入详细理解。