Brewer Gene A, Lau Kevin K H, Wingert Kimberly M, Ball B Hunter, Blais Chris
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2017 Jul;146(7):988-1008. doi: 10.1037/xge0000290. Epub 2017 Apr 27.
In everyday life, mental fatigue can be detrimental across many domains including driving, learning, and working. Given the importance of understanding and accounting for the deleterious effects of mental fatigue on behavior, a growing body of literature has studied the role of motivational and executive control processes in mental fatigue. In typical laboratory paradigms, participants complete a task that places demand on these self-control processes and are later given a subsequent task. Generally speaking, decrements to subsequent task performance are taken as evidence that the initial task created mental fatigue through the continued engagement of motivational and executive functions. Several models have been developed to account for negative transfer resulting from this "ego depletion." In the current study, we provide a brief literature review, specify current theoretical approaches to ego-depletion, and report an empirical test of current models of depletion. Across 4 experiments we found minimal evidence for executive control depletion along with strong evidence for motivation mediated ego depletion. (PsycINFO Database Record
在日常生活中，精神疲劳在包括驾驶、学习和工作在内的许多领域都可能是有害的。鉴于理解和考虑精神疲劳对行为的有害影响的重要性，越来越多的文献研究了动机和执行控制过程在精神疲劳中的作用。在典型的实验室范式中，参与者完成一项对这些自我控制过程有要求的任务，随后再进行一项任务。一般来说，后续任务表现的下降被视为初始任务通过持续运用动机和执行功能而导致精神疲劳的证据。已经开发了几种模型来解释这种“自我损耗”导致的负迁移。在当前的研究中，我们提供了一篇简短的文献综述，阐述了当前关于自我损耗的理论方法，并报告了对当前损耗模型的实证检验。在4个实验中，我们发现执行控制损耗的证据很少，同时有强有力的证据表明动机介导的自我损耗存在。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
