Zhang Kuo, Lin Guigao, Han Yanxi, Xie Jiehong, Li Jinming
National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, No.1 Dahua Road, Dong Dan, Beijing, 100730 People's Republic of China.
Clin Epigenetics. 2017 Apr 26;9:44. doi: 10.1186/s13148-017-0343-5. eCollection 2017.
The early detection of type 1 diabetes (T1D) largely depends on a reliable approach to monitor β cell loss. An effective way to evaluate the decline of β cell mass would allow early preventative intervention to preserve insulin secretion.
Recent progress in the development of novel biomarkers, based on tissue-specific methylation patterns, has inspired relevant studies in T1D. In this review, we focus on the application of circulating β cell-derived unmethylated insulin () DNA. Circulating β cell-derived unmethylated DNA has a potential clinical value for the early detection of T1D, surveillance of islet transplantation rejection, and evaluation of response to therapy. Utilizing differentiated methylation patterns in different organs and employing a wide variety of molecular technologies also provide insights into the interrogation of biomarkers in other diseases with massive tissue-specific cell loss.
Circulating unmethylated DNA is a promising molecular biomarker for the early detection of T1D.
1型糖尿病（T1D）的早期检测很大程度上依赖于监测β细胞丢失的可靠方法。评估β细胞质量下降的有效方法将有助于早期预防性干预以维持胰岛素分泌。
基于组织特异性甲基化模式的新型生物标志物开发的最新进展，激发了T1D的相关研究。在本综述中，我们重点关注循环β细胞来源的未甲基化胰岛素（）DNA的应用。循环β细胞来源的未甲基化DNA在T1D的早期检测、胰岛移植排斥反应监测以及治疗反应评估方面具有潜在的临床价值。利用不同器官中分化的甲基化模式并采用多种分子技术，也为研究其他伴有大量组织特异性细胞丢失的疾病中的生物标志物提供了思路。
循环未甲基化DNA是T1D早期检测中一种有前景的分子生物标志物。
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