Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Atherosclerosis. 2017 Aug;263:198-204. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.06.030. Epub 2017 Jun 16.
There is strong evidence that fat accumulating in non-adipose sites, "ectopic fat", is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), including vascular calcification. Most previous studies of this association have assessed only a single ectopic fat depot. Therefore, our aim was to assess the association of total, regional, and ectopic fat with abdominal aorto-illiac calcification (AAC) and coronary artery calcification (CAC) in 798 African ancestry men.
Participants (mean age 62) were from the Tobago Bone Health Study cohort. Adiposity was assessed via clinical examination, dual x-ray absorptiometry, and computed tomography (CT). Ectopic fat depots included: abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT), liver attenuation, and calf intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT). Vascular calcification was assessed by CT and quantified as present versus absent. Associations were tested using multiple logistic regression adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Models of ectopic fat were additionally adjusted for total body fat and standing height.
All adiposity measures, except VAT, were associated with AAC. Lower liver attenuation or greater calf IMAT was associated with 1.2-1.3-fold increased odds of AAC (p < 0.03 for both), though calf IMAT was a stronger predictor than liver attenuation (p < 0.001) when entered in a single model. No ectopic fat measure was associated with CAC.
Greater adiposity in the skeletal muscle and liver, but not in the visceral compartment, was associated with increased odds of AAC in African ancestry men. These results highlight the potential importance of both quantity and location of adiposity accumulation throughout the body.
有强有力的证据表明，非脂肪组织部位积累的脂肪，即“异位脂肪”，与心血管疾病（CVD）有关，包括血管钙化。以前的大多数关于这种关联的研究只评估了单一的异位脂肪库。因此，我们的目的是评估总脂肪、局部脂肪和异位脂肪与 798 名非洲裔男性的腹主动脉髂动脉钙化（AAC）和冠状动脉钙化（CAC）的相关性。
参与者（平均年龄 62 岁）来自多巴哥骨骼健康研究队列。通过临床检查、双能 X 线吸收法和计算机断层扫描（CT）评估肥胖程度。异位脂肪库包括：腹部内脏脂肪组织（VAT）、肝脏衰减和小腿肌间脂肪组织（IMAT）。通过 CT 评估血管钙化并量化为存在或不存在。使用调整了传统心血管危险因素的多因素逻辑回归来检验相关性。异位脂肪模型还针对总身体脂肪和站立身高进行了调整。
除 VAT 外，所有肥胖指标均与 AAC 相关。较低的肝脏衰减或较大的小腿 IMAT 与 AAC 的几率增加 1.2-1.3 倍相关（两者均 p<0.03），尽管当进入单个模型时，小腿 IMAT 是比肝脏衰减更强的预测因子（p<0.001）。没有异位脂肪指标与 CAC 相关。
骨骼肌和肝脏中脂肪量的增加，但不是内脏脂肪的增加，与非洲裔男性 AAC 几率的增加有关。这些结果突出了全身脂肪积累的数量和位置的潜在重要性。
