谁负责提供护理？在荷兰的一项横断面调查中探究护理任务和过往经历的作用。
Who is responsible for providing care? Investigating the role of care tasks and past experiences in a cross-sectional survey in the Netherlands.
作者信息
Hoefman R J, Meulenkamp T M, De Jong J D
机构信息
Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Netherlands institute for health services research, PO Box 1568, 3500 BN Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
出版信息
BMC Health Serv Res. 2017 Jul 11;17(1):477. doi: 10.1186/s12913-017-2435-5.
BACKGROUND
Many countries face substitution from formal to informal care. It is essential that a sufficient number of caregivers, such as family, friends or neighbors, are willing and able to lend care to address the needs of ill or elderly persons. We investigated whether the general public, who might become caregivers in the future, and current informal caregivers align with the shift to more informal caregiving.
METHODS
We studied the views on the responsibility for care of the general public versus the government, and whether these views differed among groups with diverse past experiences with care in terms of own health problems or previous caregiving activities. Data (n = 1097) was collected among the Dutch Health Care Consumer Panel with a survey in October 2015. Multivariate analyses of the views on responsibility for care in general and for different types of care were performed using (i) health, (ii) informal care, and (iii) general background characteristics, among a sample of the general public and among a subgroup of current caregivers.
RESULTS
The majority (67%) of the respondents would be willing to provide informal care in the future, when necessary. Respondents were more willing to provide support tasks than personal or nursing care activities. Among current caregivers, views on responsibility for care were associated with their past experience. Experiencing less burden of caregiving was associated with perceiving the general public as more responsible for personal or nursing care.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study show that substitution from formal to informal care is more in line with public views when support activities are concerned than personal or nursing care. In addition, burdened caregivers also consider the government more responsible for personal or nursing care. When handing over care tasks to the public domain a critical view is needed on which care tasks are most appropriate for this.
背景
许多国家面临着从正规照料向非正规照料的转变。至关重要的是，要有足够数量的照料者，如家人、朋友或邻居，愿意并能够提供照料，以满足病人或老年人的需求。我们调查了未来可能成为照料者的普通公众以及当前的非正规照料者是否与向更多非正规照料的转变相一致。
方法
我们研究了公众与政府在照料责任方面的观点，以及这些观点在因自身健康问题或以往照料活动而有不同照料经历的群体之间是否存在差异。2015年10月，我们通过一项调查在荷兰医疗保健消费者小组中收集了数据（n = 1097）。在普通公众样本和当前照料者子样本中，使用（i）健康状况、（ii）非正规照料情况和（iii）一般背景特征，对总体照料责任以及不同类型照料责任的观点进行了多变量分析。
结果
大多数（67%）受访者表示，如有必要，他们未来愿意提供非正规照料。受访者更愿意提供支持性任务，而不是个人护理或护理活动。在当前的照料者中，对照料责任的看法与他们过去的经历有关。经历较少的照料负担与认为公众对个人护理或护理负有更大责任相关。
结论
本研究结果表明，在涉及支持性活动时，从正规照料向非正规照料的转变比个人护理或护理更符合公众观点。此外，负担较重的照料者也认为政府对个人护理或护理负有更大责任。当将照料任务交给公共领域时，需要对哪些照料任务最适合这样做持批判性观点。
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