一项探索巴基斯坦拉合尔社区药剂师对扩展药房服务的认知和态度的定性研究。
A qualitative study exploring perceptions and attitudes of community pharmacists about extended pharmacy services in Lahore, Pakistan.
作者信息
Hashmi Furqan K, Hassali Mohamed Azmi, Khalid Adnan, Saleem Fahad, Aljadhey Hisham, Babar Zaheer Ud Din, Bashaar Mohammad
机构信息
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
Combined Military Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan.
出版信息
BMC Health Serv Res. 2017 Jul 19;17(1):500. doi: 10.1186/s12913-017-2442-6.
BACKGROUND
In recent decades, community pharmacies reported a change of business model, whereby a shift from traditional services to the provision of extended roles was observed. However, such delivery of extended pharmacy services (EPS) is reported from the developed world, and there is scarcity of information from the developing nations. Within this context, the present study was aimed to explore knowledge, perception and attitude of community pharmacists (CPs) about EPS and their readiness and acceptance for practice change in the city of Lahore, Pakistan.
METHODS
A qualitative approach was used to gain an in-depth knowledge of the issues. By using a semi-structured interview guide, 12 CPs practicing in the city of Lahore, Pakistan were conveniently selected. All interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, and were then analyzed for thematic contents by the standard content analysis framework.
RESULTS
Thematic content analysis yielded five major themes. (1) Familiarity with EPS, (2) current practice of EPS, (3) training needed to provide EPS, (4) acceptance of EPS and (5) barriers toward EPS. Majority of the CPs were unaware of EPS and only a handful had the concept of extended services. Although majority of our study respondents were unaware of pharmaceutical care, they were ready to accept practice change if provided with the required skills and training. Lack of personal knowledge, poor public awareness, inadequate physician-pharmacist collaboration and deprived salary structures were reported as barriers towards the provision of EPS at the practice settings.
CONCLUSION
Although the study reported poor awareness towards EPS, the findings indicated a number of key themes that can be used in establishing the concept of EPS in Pakistan. Over all, CPs reported a positive attitude toward practice change provided to the support and facilitation of health and community based agencies in Pakistan.
背景
近几十年来，社区药房报告了商业模式的转变，即从传统服务转向提供扩展角色。然而，这种扩展药房服务（EPS）的提供情况是在发达国家报告的，发展中国家的相关信息匮乏。在此背景下，本研究旨在探讨巴基斯坦拉合尔市社区药剂师（CPs）对EPS的知识、认知和态度，以及他们对实践变革的准备情况和接受程度。
方法
采用定性方法深入了解这些问题。通过使用半结构化访谈指南，方便地选取了在巴基斯坦拉合尔市执业的12名CPs。所有访谈都进行了录音，逐字转录，然后按照标准内容分析框架对主题内容进行分析。
结果
主题内容分析产生了五个主要主题。（1）对EPS的熟悉程度，（2）EPS的当前实践，（3）提供EPS所需的培训，（4）对EPS的接受程度，（5）EPS的障碍。大多数CPs不了解EPS，只有少数人有扩展服务的概念。虽然我们研究中的大多数受访者不了解药学服务，但如果提供所需的技能和培训，他们愿意接受实践变革。个人知识匮乏、公众意识淡薄、医生与药剂师合作不足以及薪酬结构不合理被报告为实践场所提供EPS的障碍。
结论
虽然该研究报告了对EPS的认识不足，但研究结果表明了一些关键主题，可用于在巴基斯坦确立EPS的概念。总体而言，CPs对实践变革持积极态度，前提是巴基斯坦的健康和社区机构能提供支持和便利。
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