Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Exp Mol Med. 2017 Sep 15;49(9):e378. doi: 10.1038/emm.2017.208.
The main task of skeletal muscle is contraction and relaxation for body movement and posture maintenance. During contraction and relaxation, Ca in the cytosol has a critical role in activating and deactivating a series of contractile proteins. In skeletal muscle, the cytosolic Ca level is mainly determined by Ca movements between the cytosol and the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The importance of Ca entry from extracellular spaces to the cytosol has gained significant attention over the past decade. Store-operated Ca entry with a low amplitude and relatively slow kinetics is a main extracellular Ca entryway into skeletal muscle. Herein, recent studies on extracellular Ca entry into skeletal muscle are reviewed along with descriptions of the proteins that are related to extracellular Ca entry and their influences on skeletal muscle function and disease.
骨骼肌的主要任务是收缩和放松，以实现身体运动和姿势维持。在收缩和放松过程中，细胞质中的 Ca 对于激活和失活一系列收缩蛋白起着关键作用。在骨骼肌中，细胞质中的 Ca 水平主要由细胞质和肌浆网之间的 Ca 运动决定。过去十年，细胞外空间 Ca 进入细胞质的重要性引起了广泛关注。具有低幅度和相对缓慢动力学的储存操纵型 Ca 内流是 Ca 进入骨骼肌的主要细胞外途径。本文综述了近年来关于 Ca 进入骨骼肌的研究进展，描述了与细胞外 Ca 进入相关的蛋白质及其对骨骼肌功能和疾病的影响。
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