Krause Laura, Seeling Stefanie, Prütz Franziska, Rommel Alexander
Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany.
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 2017 Sep;77(9):1002-1011. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-118284. Epub 2017 Sep 25.
There is only limited data available on the utilization of gynecological services in Germany. Based on data from the German Health Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) of the Robert Koch Institute, a survey carried out across all of Germany, this study aimed to examine the utilization of gynecological services by girls in Germany. Data from the KiGGS Wave 1 survey (2009 - 2012) was used to analyze the factors which affect utilization. The KiGGS baseline study (2003 - 2006) was used to analyze trends. The database consisted of a subsample from the KiGGS Wave 1 survey (n = 2575), the initial follow-up survey conducted by telephone after the baseline study. Data are shown as prevalence and mean with 95% confidence intervals. Correlations with selected influencing factors were calculated using multivariate logistic regression models. Differences between study populations were considered significant if p < 0.05. At the time of the KiGGS Wave 1 survey, 53.9% of girls aged 14 to 17 years had visited a gynecologist at least once. This percentage increased significantly with each additional year of life. For 61.9% of 17-year-old girls who had previously visited a gynecologist at least once, the first visit to a gynecologist occurred at the age of 15 or 16 years. Growing up with siblings was associated with a lower prevalence of utilization, while middle socioeconomic status, risky alcohol consumption and daily consumption of tobacco, and the utilization of general medical services were associated with a higher 12-month prevalence for the utilization of gynecological services. The utilization of gynecological services has increased significantly compared to the KiGGS baseline survey. Among girls there is a high need for information on issues of sexual health. Gynecologists are important but they are not the only port of call. Information needs should be covered as part of a coordinated approach which includes the involvement of all relevant stakeholders. Initiatives such as the WHO Action Plan for Sexual and Reproductive Health and its recommendations should be incorporated.
关于德国妇科服务利用情况的数据非常有限。基于德国罗伯特·科赫研究所开展的全德范围的儿童和青少年健康调查(KiGGS)的数据,本研究旨在调查德国女孩对妇科服务的利用情况。来自KiGGS第一轮调查(2009 - 2012年)的数据用于分析影响利用情况的因素。KiGGS基线研究(2003 - 2006年)用于分析趋势。数据库由KiGGS第一轮调查的一个子样本(n = 2575)组成,这是基线研究后通过电话进行的首次随访调查。数据以患病率和均值以及95%置信区间表示。使用多变量逻辑回归模型计算与选定影响因素的相关性。如果p < 0.05,则认为研究人群之间的差异具有统计学意义。在KiGGS第一轮调查时,14至17岁的女孩中有53.9%至少拜访过一次妇科医生。这一比例随着年龄每增加一岁而显著上升。在至少拜访过一次妇科医生的17岁女孩中,61.9%的人首次拜访妇科医生的年龄在15或16岁。与兄弟姐妹一起长大与较低的利用患病率相关,而中等社会经济地位、危险饮酒和每日吸烟以及利用一般医疗服务与妇科服务利用的12个月患病率较高相关。与KiGGS基线调查相比,妇科服务的利用情况显著增加。女孩对性健康问题的信息有很高需求。妇科医生很重要,但他们不是唯一的求助对象。信息需求应作为一种协调方法的一部分得到满足,这种方法包括所有相关利益攸关方的参与。应纳入诸如世界卫生组织性与生殖健康行动计划及其建议等举措。