苦瓜籽油的抗肥胖作用仅归因于其脂肪酸成分。
The anti-adiposity effect of bitter melon seed oil is solely attributed to its fatty acid components.
机构信息
Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
Aquavan Technology Co., Ltd, Taipei City, Taiwan.
出版信息
Lipids Health Dis. 2017 Sep 29;16(1):186. doi: 10.1186/s12944-017-0578-3.
BACKGROUND
Obesity is the leading chronic disease affecting people of all ages. The objective of this study was to optimize composition of a bitter melon seed oil (BMSO) product to maximize its anti-adiposity effect.
METHODS
Bleaching oil, saponifiables and non-saponifiables were prepared from BMSO, with α-eleostearic acid (α-ESA) content in BMSO maintained in bleaching oil and saponifiables. C57BL/6 J mice were allocated into five groups (n = 10/group) to receive diet C [30% soybean oil (SBO)], BM [25% SBO + 5% BMSO], BMS, BMNS or BMD. For the three latter diets, saponifiables (hydrolyzed fatty acids from BMSO), non-saponifiables (excluding fatty acids from BMSO) or bleaching oil (excluding pigments from BMSO), respectively, were added in amount equivalent to their content in 5% BMSO and SBO was added to bring total fat to 30%. After 14 wk., indices associated with adiposity and safety, as well as lipid metabolic signaling in white adipose tissue (WAT), were measured.
RESULTS
The body fat percentage of mice in group BM, BMS, BMNS, and BMD were 90 ± 26, 76 ± 21, 115 ± 30 and 95 ± 17% of that in group C. Based on body fat percentage and plasma leptin concentrations, an anti-adiposity effect was evident in groups BM, BMS and BMD (greatest effect in BMS). Histologically, inguinal fat had smaller adipocytes in groups BM, BMS and BMD (P < 0.05), but not in group BMNS, relative to group C. There were no differences among groups in blood pressure or heart rate. Moreover, Sirt1 mRNA levels in inguinal fat were significantly greater in groups BM, BMS and BMD than group C.
CONCLUSION
We concluded that the anti-adiposity function of BMSO was solely attributed to the fatty acid fraction, with the free fatty acid form having the greatest effect.
背景
肥胖是影响各年龄段人群的主要慢性疾病。本研究旨在优化苦瓜籽油（BMSO）产品的组成，以最大限度地发挥其抗肥胖作用。
方法
从 BMSO 中制备脱色油、可皂化物和不可皂化物，使 BMSO 中的 α-桐酸（α-ESA）含量保留在脱色油和可皂化物中。将 C57BL/6J 小鼠分为五组（每组 10 只），分别接受 C 饮食[30%大豆油（SBO）]、BM[25% SBO+5%BMSO]、BMS、BMNS 或 BMD。对于后三种饮食，分别添加可皂化物（BMSO 水解脂肪酸）、不可皂化物（不含 BMSO 脂肪酸）或脱色油（不含 BMSO 色素），其量相当于 5%BMSO 的含量，并用 SBO 将总脂肪量添加至 30%。14 周后，测量与肥胖相关的指标和安全性，以及白色脂肪组织（WAT）中的脂质代谢信号。
结果
BM、BMS、BMNS 和 BMD 组小鼠的体脂肪百分比分别为 C 组的 90±26%、76±21%、115±30%和 95±17%。基于体脂肪百分比和血浆瘦素浓度，BM、BMS 和 BMD 组均表现出抗肥胖作用（BMS 作用最大）。组织学上，与 C 组相比，BM、BMS 和 BMD 组腹股沟脂肪中的脂肪细胞更小（P<0.05），但 BMNS 组没有差异。各组间血压或心率无差异。此外，与 C 组相比，BM、BMS 和 BMD 组腹股沟脂肪中的 Sirt1mRNA 水平显著增加。
结论
我们得出结论，BMSO 的抗肥胖功能仅归因于脂肪酸部分，其中游离脂肪酸形式的作用最大。
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