Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Nat Commun. 2017 Nov 17;8(1):1570. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01658-2.
Determining the mechanisms by which a species adapts to its environment is a key endeavor in the study of evolution. In particular, relatively little is known about how transcriptional processes are fine-tuned to adjust to different environmental conditions. Here we study Drosophila melanogaster from 'Evolution Canyon' in Israel, which consists of two opposing slopes with divergent microclimates. We identify several hundred differentially expressed genes and dozens of differentially edited sites between flies from each slope, correlate these changes with genetic differences, and use CRISPR mutagenesis to validate that an intronic SNP in prominin regulates its editing levels. We also demonstrate that while temperature affects editing levels at more sites than genetic differences, genetically regulated sites tend to be less affected by temperature. This work shows the extent to which gene expression and RNA editing differ between flies from different microclimates, and provides insights into the regulation responsible for these differences.
确定物种适应其环境的机制是进化研究中的一项关键任务。特别是，对于转录过程如何被精细调整以适应不同的环境条件，我们知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了来自以色列“进化峡谷”的黑腹果蝇，该峡谷由两个具有不同小气候的相反斜坡组成。我们在来自每个斜坡的果蝇之间鉴定了数百个差异表达的基因和几十个差异编辑的位点，将这些变化与遗传差异相关联，并使用 CRISPR 诱变来验证 prominin 中的内含子 SNP 调节其编辑水平。我们还表明，虽然温度影响比遗传差异更多的编辑水平，但受遗传调控的位点受温度的影响往往较小。这项工作展示了不同微气候下的果蝇之间在基因表达和 RNA 编辑方面的差异程度，并提供了对导致这些差异的调控机制的深入了解。
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