一项针对纽约市民众对寨卡病毒的知识、态度和实践的调查。
A survey of the knowledge, attitudes and practices on Zika virus in new York City.
机构信息
Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2018 Jan 2;18(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4991-3.
BACKGROUND
Over 900 travel-associated Zika virus cases have been identified in New York City (NYC), New York. A survey was administered in NYC adapted from the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) survey on Zika virus developed by the World Health Organization (WHO).
METHODS
A standardized, self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample in Manhattan and the Bronx from June 30th, 2016 to October 21st, 2016. Responses were grouped into six domains based on the content and structure of the questions and were summarized using descriptive statistics or converted into a continuous knowledge score and assessed for associations with pregnancy status and travel history using linear regression.
RESULTS
There were 224 respondents with a mean age of 33 (SD ± 11.6) with 77% (170/224) female and 24% (51/224) pregnant. The majority (98% (213/217)) were unable to identify all of the symptoms associated with acute Zika virus infection and all modes of transmission (97% (213/219)). Most participants (85% (187/219)) identified mosquitoes as a mode of transmission. 95% (116/122) reported an association between Zika virus and microcephaly. The most concerning aspect of Zika virus in 46% (91/200) was the risk of disabilities to babies, and risk of sexual transmission (25% (49/200)). When asked what precautions pregnant persons should to reduce the risk of transmission when traveling to a Zika endemic region, only 27% (50/185) identified using condoms during intercourse or refraining from intercourse while pregnant. Knowledge of Zika transmission is significantly positively associated with pregnancy status, but not with travel history.
CONCLUSION
Our results indicate an overall poor understanding of Zika virus symptoms and possible complications, transmission modes, and current recommended prevention guidelines. Pregnancy is positively associated with Knowledge of Zika Transmission, but not other knowledge scores. Reported travel history to Zika endemic regions is not significantly associated with Zika knowledge. There is a need for implementing future public health interventions that particularly focus on protection against Zika transmission, that Zika is sexually transmitted, and risks that the Guillain-Barré Syndrome poses a risk to adults.
背景
在纽约市（NYC）已经发现了超过 900 例与旅行相关的寨卡病毒病例。一项调查是在纽约市进行的，该调查改编自世界卫生组织（WHO）开发的寨卡病毒知识、态度和实践（KAP）调查。
方法
从 2016 年 6 月 30 日至 2016 年 10 月 21 日，在曼哈顿和布朗克斯区采用了一种标准化的、自我管理的、匿名的问卷对方便样本进行了调查。根据问题的内容和结构，将回答分为六个领域，并使用描述性统计数据进行总结，或转换为连续的知识分数，并使用线性回归评估与怀孕状况和旅行史的关联。
结果
有 224 名受访者，平均年龄为 33（SD ± 11.6），其中 77%（170/224）为女性，24%（51/224）为孕妇。大多数人（98%（213/217））无法识别所有与急性寨卡病毒感染和所有传播方式相关的症状（97%（213/219））。大多数参与者（85%（187/219））认为蚊子是一种传播方式。95%（116/122）报告寨卡病毒与小头畸形之间存在关联。在 46%（91/200）的人看来，寨卡病毒最令人担忧的方面是对婴儿的残疾风险，以及性传播风险（25%（49/200））。当被问及孕妇在前往寨卡病毒流行地区旅行时应采取哪些预防措施来降低传播风险时，只有 27%（50/185）人表示在性行为中使用安全套或在怀孕期间避免性行为。关于寨卡病毒传播的知识与怀孕状况呈显著正相关，但与旅行史无关。需要实施未来的公共卫生干预措施，特别侧重于预防寨卡病毒传播、寨卡病毒具有性传播性以及格林-巴利综合征对成年人构成风险等方面。
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