Saglam Naim, Saunders Ralph, Lang Shirley A, Shain Daniel H
Dept. of Aquaculture and Fish Diseases, Fisheries Faculty, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey.
Biology Department, Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, 315 Penn Street, Camden, NJ 08102, U.S.A.
Acta Parasitol. 2018 Mar 26;63(1):15-26. doi: 10.1515/ap-2018-0002.
Myzobdella lugubris is a commensal leech on crustaceans and a parasite to fishes, surviving predominantly in brackish waters throughout North America. Specimens in this study were collected within the tidal zone of the Delaware River basin (New Jersey and Pennsylvania). To compare regional M. lugubris specimens, defined characters were scored after dorsal and ventral dissections, and phylogenetic relationships were resolved using cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1), 12S ribosomal RNA (rDNA) and 18S rDNA gene fragments. Variance between regional populations was low, suggesting recent dispersal events and/or strong evolutionary constraints. The reproductive biology of M. lugubris was explored by quantitative analysis of secreted cocoons. Specimens produced 32.67 ± 4.50 cocoons with fertilization ratios of 88.1% and hatching times of 48 ± 7 days at 17°C under laboratory conditions. At 22°C, 46 ± 28 cocoons were produced with fertilization ratios of 70.27% and hatching times of 28 ± 5 days. Surprisingly, each cocoon supported only one embryo, which is unusual among oligochaetes.
悲哀蛭是甲壳类动物的共栖性水蛭和鱼类的寄生虫，主要生存于北美各地的咸淡水中。本研究中的标本采自特拉华河流域（新泽西州和宾夕法尼亚州）的潮汐带。为了比较不同地区的悲哀蛭标本，在对其进行背侧和腹侧解剖后对特定特征进行评分，并使用细胞色素c氧化酶亚基1（CO1）、12S核糖体RNA（rDNA）和18S rDNA基因片段解析系统发育关系。不同地区种群之间的差异较低，表明近期存在扩散事件和/或强大的进化限制。通过对分泌的茧进行定量分析，探究了悲哀蛭的生殖生物学。在实验室条件下，17℃时标本产生32.67±4.50个茧，受精率为88.1%，孵化时间为48±7天。在22℃时，产生46±28个茧，受精率为70.27%，孵化时间为28±5天。令人惊讶的是，每个茧仅支持一个胚胎，这在寡毛纲动物中是不常见的。
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