UCLA Department of Economics, Los Angeles, CA.
UCLA Institute of the Environment, Los Angeles, CA.
Am Econ Rev. 2015 May;105(5):564-9. doi: 10.1257/aer.p20151070.
In the United States in the late 19th and early 20th century, large cities had extremely high death rates from infectious disease. Within major cities such as New York City and Philadelphia, there was significant variation at any point in time in the mortality rate across neighborhoods. Between 1900 and 1930 neighborhood mortality convergence took place in New York City and Philadelphia. We document these trends and discuss their consequences for neighborhood quality of life dynamics and the economic incidence of who gains from effective public health interventions.
在 19 世纪末和 20 世纪初的美国,大城市的传染病死亡率极高。在纽约市和费城等大城市,任何时候不同社区的死亡率都有很大差异。在 1900 年至 1930 年期间,纽约市和费城的社区死亡率趋同。我们记录了这些趋势,并讨论了它们对社区生活质量动态和谁从有效的公共卫生干预中获益的经济影响。