皱叶酸模（Calycophyllum spruceanum BENTH）可改善小鼠的急性炎症。
Calycophyllum spruceanum BENTH ameliorates acute inflammation in mice.
机构信息
Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Universitário, BR 364, Km 04 - Distrito industrial, CEP 69.920-900 Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil.
Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, CEP 60740-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
出版信息
J Ethnopharmacol. 2018 Jun 12;219:103-109. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.03.023. Epub 2018 Mar 19.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Calycophyllum spruceanum (Benth.) Hook. F. ex K. Schum. is widely distributed in the Amazonian region of Brazil, where it is popularly known as "mulateiro", "pau-mulato", "pau-mulato-de-várzea", "escorrega-macaco" or "pau-marfim". Preparations of C. spruceanum barks are used in the form of tea, poultice or skin patches to treat stomach diseases, skin inflammation and uterus tumors.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
To investigate in vivo the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the hydroalcoholic extract of Calycophyllum spruceanum barks (HECSb) in order to validate its popular usage in inflammatory conditions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Chemical analysis of HECSb was performed using the UHPLC-MS system. Mice were treated per oral with HECSb (5-5000 mg/kg) and evaluated for acute toxicity (during 15 days); motor activity (Rota rod test); body weight (up to 72 h); antinociceptive activity: writhes induced by 0.8% acetic acid; paw licking induced by 2.5% formalin; paw withdrawal (von Frey test) induced by carrageenan (300 μg) or PGE2 (100 ng); anti-inflammatory (paw edema model). For histopathological analysis subplantar tissue fragments were collected 1 h after paw edema induction.
RESULTS
HECSb chemical analysis revealed the presence of caffeoylquinic derivatives, small organic acids, and phenolic compounds. HECSb showed antinociceptive effect, reducing the number of acetic acid-induced writhes by 72% at 120 mg/kg, paw licking (phase 2- Formalin test) by 33% at 60 mg/kg and 49% at 120 mg/kg; and paw withdrawal elicited by carrageenan (53% at 120 mg/kg) and PGE2 (120 mg/kg) at 0.5 h (48%) and 1 h (45%). HECSb (120 mg/kg) also inhibited the paw edema elicited both by carrageenan (48%) and PGE2 (92%). Histopathological analysis (leukocyte infiltration, edema, focal areas of hemorrhage, vascular congestion) of HECSb treatment at 120 mg/kg demonstrated normal morphology [median 0 (0,1)] compared to PGE2, showing severe alterations [median 3 (2,3); p = 0,0035]. HECSb did not induce acute toxicity nor altered body mass or motor coordination.
CONCLUSIONS
HECSb shows antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect in mice without inducing apparent acute toxicity.
民族药理学相关性
Calycophyllum spruceanum（Benth.）Hook. F. ex K. Schum. 广泛分布于巴西亚马逊地区，在当地被称为“mulateiro”、“pau-mulato”、“pau-mulato-de-várzea”、“escorrega-macaco”或“pau-marfim”。该植物的树皮制剂以茶、敷布或皮肤贴剂的形式使用，用于治疗胃病、皮肤炎症和子宫肿瘤。
研究目的
为了验证其在炎症情况下的民间用途，研究 Calycophyllum spruceanum 树皮的水醇提取物（HECSb）的体内抗伤害感受和抗炎活性。
材料和方法
使用 UHPLC-MS 系统对 HECSb 进行化学分析。通过灌胃给予小鼠 HECSb（5-5000mg/kg），并评价急性毒性（15 天内）；运动活性（旋转棒试验）；体重（72 小时内）；镇痛活性：0.8%乙酸引起的扭体；2.5%甲醛引起的爪舔；角叉菜胶（300μg）或 PGE2（100ng）引起的爪退缩（von Frey 试验）；抗炎（爪肿胀模型）。在诱导爪肿胀后 1 小时收集足底组织片段进行组织病理学分析。
结果
HECSb 的化学分析显示存在咖啡酰奎宁衍生物、小分子有机酸和酚类化合物。HECSb 显示出镇痛作用，在 120mg/kg 时可减少 72%的乙酸引起的扭体次数，在 60mg/kg 和 120mg/kg 时可减少 33%和 49%的爪舔（福尔马林试验第二阶段）；在 120mg/kg 时可减少角叉菜胶（53%）和 PGE2（0.5h 时 48%，1h 时 45%）引起的爪退缩。HECSb（120mg/kg）还抑制了角叉菜胶（48%）和 PGE2（92%）引起的爪肿胀。在 120mg/kg 时，HECSb 治疗的组织病理学分析（白细胞浸润、水肿、局灶性出血、血管充血）显示正常形态[中位数 0（0，1）]，与 PGE2 相比，表现出严重改变[中位数 3（2，3）；p=0.0035]。HECSb 未引起急性毒性，也未改变体重或运动协调能力。
结论
HECSb 在不引起明显急性毒性的情况下对小鼠具有镇痛和抗炎作用。
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