Clinical characteristics of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate and correlate clinical parameters associated with peri-implant diseases based on established case definitions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total of 75 patients exhibiting 269 implants (healthy: 77; peri-implant mucositis: 77; peri-implantitis: 115) were included in this observational study. Clinical parameters included bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depths (PDs), and suppuration (Supp).

RESULTS

Healthy sites were associated with the absence of BOP, while mean BOP in peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis patients amounted to 20.83% and 71.33%, corresponding to 43% and 86% at the implant level (p < .001), respectively. Peri-implantitis patients exhibited significantly higher mean PD values (4.46 mm) when compared with the peri-implant mucositis group (2.70 mm, p < .001). Supp was limited to peri-implantitis cases and detected in 30.16% of the patients (implant level: 17.39%). The regression model revealed a significant linear association between the number of BOP-positive sites around the implant (minimum 0, maximum 6) and mean PD values at peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis sites at both patient and implant levels.

CONCLUSIONS

The clinical parameters investigated were shown to be associated with the severity of peri-implant diseases.