Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Department of Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Science. 2018 Jul 6;361(6397):92-95. doi: 10.1126/science.aat3188. Epub 2018 May 17.
Southeast Asia is home to rich human genetic and linguistic diversity, but the details of past population movements in the region are not well known. Here, we report genome-wide ancient DNA data from 18 Southeast Asian individuals spanning from the Neolithic period through the Iron Age (4100 to 1700 years ago). Early farmers from Man Bac in Vietnam exhibit a mixture of East Asian (southern Chinese agriculturalist) and deeply diverged eastern Eurasian (hunter-gatherer) ancestry characteristic of Austroasiatic speakers, with similar ancestry as far south as Indonesia providing evidence for an expansive initial spread of Austroasiatic languages. By the Bronze Age, in a parallel pattern to Europe, sites in Vietnam and Myanmar show close connections to present-day majority groups, reflecting substantial additional influxes of migrants.
东南亚地区拥有丰富的人类遗传和语言多样性,但该地区过去的人口迁移细节并不为人所知。在这里,我们报告了来自 18 位东南亚个体的全基因组古代 DNA 数据,这些个体跨越了从新石器时代到铁器时代(4100 至 1700 年前)的时间范围。越南曼巴的早期农民表现出东亚(中国南方农民)和深度分化的欧亚东部(狩猎采集者)遗传特征的混合,与远至印度尼西亚的相似遗传背景为澳斯特罗尼西亚语的广泛初始传播提供了证据。到青铜时代,与欧洲平行的模式,越南和缅甸的遗址与当今的多数群体密切相关,反映出大量额外的移民涌入。