International Centre for Youth Gambling and High-Risk Behaviors, McGill University, 3724 McTavish Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 1Y2, Canada.
Connecticut Mental Health Center and the Departments of Psychiatry, Child Study and Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
J Gambl Stud. 2019 Mar;35(1):47-62. doi: 10.1007/s10899-018-9778-7.
Adolescence represents a significant developmental period during which experimentation with high-risk behaviors including substance use and gambling often occurs. These high-risk behaviors have been associated with multiple negative measures of social, academic and psychological functioning. Although associations have been established between alcohol use, marijuana use, mental health problems, and problem gambling in youth, research investigating possible associations between stimulant drug use and gambling is scarce. Questionnaire responses were collected from 6542 high-school students aged 12-19 years. Relationships between types and patterns of gambling with stimulant drugs [including cocaine, methamphetamine, non-medical use of stimulants, and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)] were examined. Chi square analyses with odds ratio calculations revealed the use of any stimulant was associated with an increased odds of gambling frequency and problem gambling among both males and females. Self-reported use of crack cocaine was associated with a higher risk of frequent gambling and use of methamphetamines was associated with a higher risk of at-risk/problem gambling. Individuals using stimulants six or more times in the past year had high likelihoods of frequent and at-risk/problem gambling behaviors. The results contribute to our understanding of stimulant drug use and its associations with gambling behaviors among high-school youth.
青春期是一个重要的发展阶段,在此期间,青少年常常会尝试包括药物使用和赌博在内的高风险行为。这些高风险行为与社会、学业和心理功能的多个负面指标有关。尽管已经确定了青少年中饮酒、大麻使用、心理健康问题和赌博问题之间的关联,但研究调查兴奋剂药物使用与赌博之间可能存在的关联的研究却很少。从 6542 名 12 至 19 岁的高中生那里收集了问卷回复。研究了不同类型和模式的赌博与兴奋剂药物(包括可卡因、冰毒、非医疗用途的兴奋剂和 3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺(MDMA))之间的关系。卡方分析和优势比计算显示,男性和女性中,使用任何兴奋剂都与赌博频率增加和赌博问题的几率增加有关。报告使用快克可卡因与频繁赌博的风险增加有关,而使用冰毒与有风险/问题赌博的风险增加有关。过去一年中使用兴奋剂六次或以上的人更有可能出现频繁赌博和有风险/问题赌博行为。研究结果有助于我们了解青少年中兴奋剂药物使用及其与赌博行为之间的关联。