Epigenetics and Cellular Microbiology Team, Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2018 May 15;8:136. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00136. eCollection 2018.
Intracellular bacterial pathogens are generally classified into two types: those that exploit host membrane trafficking to construct specific niches in vacuoles (i.e., "vacuolar pathogens"), and those that escape from vacuoles into the cytosol, where they proliferate and often spread to neighboring cells (i.e., "cytosolic pathogens"). However, the boundary between these distinct intracellular phenotypes is tenuous and may depend on the timing of infection and on the host cell type. Here, we discuss recent progress highlighting this phenotypic duality in , which has long been a model for cytosolic pathogens, but now emerges as a bacterium also capable of residing in vacuoles, in a slow/non-growing state. The ability of to enter a persistence stage in vacuoles might play a role during the asymptomatic incubation period of listeriosis and/or the carriage of this pathogen in asymptomatic hosts. Moreover, persistent vacuolar could be less susceptible to antibiotics and more difficult to detect by routine techniques of clinical biology. These hypotheses deserve to be explored in order to better manage the risks related to this food-borne pathogen.
一类利用宿主膜运输在液泡中构建特定小生境（即“液泡病原体”），另一类从液泡逃逸到细胞质中，在细胞质中增殖并经常扩散到邻近细胞（即“细胞质病原体”）。然而，这两种不同的细胞内表型之间的界限是脆弱的，可能取决于感染的时间和宿主细胞类型。在这里，我们讨论了最近的进展，强调了 作为细胞质病原体的长期模型，但现在也被认为是一种能够在液泡中以缓慢/非生长状态存在的细菌。 进入液泡持久阶段的能力可能在李斯特菌病的无症状潜伏期和/或该病原体在无症状宿主中的携带中发挥作用。此外，持久的液泡 可能对抗生素的敏感性较低，并且更难以通过临床生物学的常规技术检测到。这些假设值得进一步探讨，以便更好地管理与这种食源性病原体相关的风险。
