Yin Yi-Meng, Zhao Wei-Tuo, Huang Ting, Cheng Sheng-Gao, Zhao Zhen-Li, Yu Cong-Cong
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
The Center of Environmental Engineering and Assessment, No. 203 Research Institute of Nuclear Industry, Xianyang 712000, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2018 Feb 8;39(2):916-926. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201704122.
This study selected Guiyu Town, Guangdong Province as the research area, the content of 15 kinds of metals (As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Li, Mn, Ni, Sb, Sn, Pb, V, and Zn) in the soil was determined, and the content of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the rice of this research area was identified. Multivariate statistical analysis and a human health risk assessment model were used to investigate the distribution characteristics and health risk of heavy metals in a soil-rice system. The results showed that Hg, Sb, and Sn in the surface soil surrounding the electronic waste dismantling area have obvious accumulation effect. The average content of Cd and Hg exceeds the Ⅱ standard limit of the "Environmental Quality Standard for Soil" (GB 156182-1995), and that Guiyu Town is more seriously polluted than Chendian Town and Simapu Town. The multivariate statistical analysis showed that Cu, Sb, Ni, Zn, Sn, Pb, and Hg originated from the surrounding electronic waste dismantling activities, Cd and Be originated from other man-made sources of pollution, and V, Li, Cr, Co, As, and Mn originated from natural sources. Heavy metal evaluation concentration in the soil-rice system by heavy metal migration accumulated in rice are in compliance with national food hygiene standards, and the enrichment ability is Cd > Zn > Cu > Ni > As > Cr > Hg > Pb. Soil heavy metal health risk assessment results showed that children are more susceptible to heavy metal pollution, and handling-oral ingestion is the main way of soil exposure risk. The non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk of heavy metals in the soil of each town are acceptable. The health risk in Guiyu Town through ingestion of rice is mainly from the elements that include As, Cr, Cu, and Ni.
本研究选取广东省贵屿镇作为研究区域，测定了土壤中15种金属（砷、铍、镉、钴、铬、铜、汞、锂、锰、镍、锑、锡、铅、钒和锌）的含量，并测定了该研究区域水稻中重金属（砷、镉、铬、铜、汞、镍、铅和锌）的含量。采用多元统计分析和人体健康风险评估模型，研究土壤-水稻系统中重金属的分布特征和健康风险。结果表明，电子废物拆解区域周边表层土壤中的汞、锑和锡有明显的累积效应。镉和汞的平均含量超过了《土壤环境质量标准》（GB 156182-1995）的Ⅱ级标准限值，且贵屿镇比陈店镇和司马浦镇污染更严重。多元统计分析表明，铜、锑、镍、锌、锡、铅和汞源自周边的电子废物拆解活动，镉和铍源自其他人为污染源，而钒、锂、铬、钴、砷和锰源自自然源。通过水稻中重金属迁移累积得到的土壤-水稻系统中重金属评价浓度符合国家食品卫生标准，富集能力为镉>锌>铜>镍>砷>铬>汞>铅。土壤重金属健康风险评估结果表明，儿童对重金属污染更敏感，经手-口摄入是土壤暴露风险的主要途径。各镇土壤中重金属的非致癌风险和致癌风险均可接受。贵屿镇通过食用大米产生的健康风险主要来自砷、铬、铜和镍等元素。
