1Institute for Global Food Security and Centre for Public Health, Faculty of Medicine,Health and Life Sciences,Queen's University Belfast,Institute of Clinical Science A,Grosvenor Road,Belfast BT12 6BJ,UK.
Nutr Res Rev. 2018 Dec;31(2):225-238. doi: 10.1017/S0954422418000070. Epub 2018 Jul 9.
It is important to pay attention to weight management before and between pregnancies, as women have an increased risk of weight gain during the reproductive years. Having a baby is a life-changing event for women and the challenge of weight management amidst this period of major physiological, psychological and social change should not be underestimated. However, the postpartum period offers an opportune time for lifestyle interventions, as women may have heightened awareness of their own and their wider families' health. Systematic reviews indicate that interventions including both diet and physical activity along with individualised support and self-monitoring are more likely to be successful in promoting postpartum weight loss. However, high levels of attrition and poor engagement have been an issue in previous trials in this area. Since postpartum women are difficult to reach and retain, future research must consider how to make weight-management interventions an attractive and attainable proposition for women who are juggling multiple, competing demands on their time. Ideally, intervention approaches need to be flexible and allow sustained contact with women, to facilitate a focus on maintenance of weight loss, as well as opportunities for re-engagement after life events that may disrupt weight-management progress. Using technology to deliver or support interventions holds promise but trials are needed to generate a range of appealing, effective and scalable options for postpartum women. What works at other life stages may not necessarily work here owing to specific barriers to weight management encountered in the postpartum period.
在怀孕前后，注意体重管理很重要，因为女性在生育期体重增加的风险增加。生孩子对女性来说是一个改变生活的事件，在这个生理、心理和社会发生重大变化的时期，体重管理的挑战不容小觑。然而，产后时期提供了进行生活方式干预的契机，因为女性可能会更加关注自己和更广泛的家庭的健康。系统评价表明，包括饮食和身体活动在内的干预措施，以及个性化的支持和自我监测，更有可能成功促进产后减肥。然而，在该领域的先前试验中，高退出率和低参与度一直是一个问题。由于产后女性难以接触和留住，未来的研究必须考虑如何使体重管理干预措施对那些在时间上兼顾多种相互竞争需求的女性具有吸引力和可实现性。理想情况下，干预方法需要具有灵活性，并允许与女性保持持续联系，以促进关注体重减轻，以及在可能破坏体重管理进展的生活事件后重新参与的机会。使用技术来提供或支持干预措施有很大的潜力，但需要进行试验以生成一系列适合产后女性的、吸引人的、有效的和可扩展的选择。由于在产后期间遇到的特定体重管理障碍，在其他生命阶段有效的方法不一定在这里有效。
