Iwińska Katarzyna, Blicharska Malgorzata, Pierotti Livia, Tainio Marko, de Nazelle Audrey
Collegium Civitas, pl. Defilad 1, PKIN, 00-901 Warsaw, Poland.
Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, 75 236 Uppsala, Sweden.
Transp Res Part A Policy Pract. 2018 Jul;113:291-301. doi: 10.1016/j.tra.2018.04.014.
Cycling in urban environments provides many benefits to people. However, planning of cycling infrastructures in large cities faces numerous challenges and requires better understanding of both the factors enabling cycling as well as barriers to it, determined by particular local context. While there is a growing body of research that tackle the bike transport related questions in Western Europe and the USA, there is relatively little research on that in Central Eastern Europe (CEE), in post-communist countries. In this study we used qualitative and quantitative methods to explore urban cyclists and non-cyclists opinions about the cycling, the perceived problems and obstacles, and perception of the on-going changes in bicycle transportation system in Warsaw, Poland. Although many people see potential advantages of cycling, it is mostly perceived as a leisure time activity. Those who do utilitarian cycling are more acutely aware of the benefits, such as rapidity and flexibility of this mean of transport. The main perceived barriers are linked to lack of good cycling infrastructure in the city, the feeling of insecurity linked to the behaviour of drivers, and to maintenance during winter. In conclusion, our research highlights both the opportunities and challenges linked to the development of improved cycle transportation system, suggesting the need for a range of policies, from the infrastructure improvements and comprehensive planning of the whole transportation system, to improving the driving culture that would support feeling of security of the cyclists.
在城市环境中骑行给人们带来诸多益处。然而，大城市自行车基础设施的规划面临众多挑战，需要更好地理解促进骑行的因素以及由特定当地环境所决定的骑行障碍。虽然在西欧和美国有越来越多的研究探讨与自行车交通相关的问题，但在后共产主义国家的中东欧地区，对此的研究相对较少。在本研究中，我们运用定性和定量方法，探究了波兰华沙城市骑行者和非骑行者对骑行的看法、所感知到的问题与障碍，以及对自行车交通系统当前变化的认知。尽管许多人看到了骑行的潜在优势，但它大多被视为一种休闲活动。那些进行实用性骑行的人更敏锐地意识到这种交通方式的益处，比如速度快和灵活性高。主要感知到的障碍与城市缺乏良好的自行车基础设施、与司机行为相关的不安全感以及冬季的维护有关。总之，我们的研究凸显了与发展完善的自行车交通系统相关的机遇和挑战，表明需要一系列政策，从改善基础设施和对整个交通系统进行全面规划，到改善驾驶文化以增强骑行者的安全感。
