罐装猫粮中蛋白质浓度和质量对成年猫尿液成分、表观养分消化率及能量供应的影响
Influence of protein concentration and quality in a canned diet on urine composition, apparent nutrient digestibility and energy supply in adult cats.
作者信息
Paßlack Nadine, Kohn Barbara, Doherr Marcus G, Zentek Jürgen
机构信息
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 49, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
Clinic of Small Animals, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163, Berlin, Germany.
出版信息
BMC Vet Res. 2018 Jul 25;14(1):225. doi: 10.1186/s12917-018-1517-x.
BACKGROUND
Protein concentration and quality in cat food can vary considerably, and the impact on feline urine composition and nutrient supply is of high practical relevance. In the present study, 6 canned diets with varying protein concentrations and qualities were fed to 10 healthy adult cats. Protein quality in the diet differed depending on the amount of collagen-rich ingredients. Hydroxyproline concentrations were 2.56-4.45 g/kg dry matter in the high quality and 3.76-9.44 g/kg dry matter in the low quality diets. Protein levels were 36.2, 43.3 and 54.9% in the high quality and 36.7, 45.0 and 56.1% in the low quality groups. Each diet was fed for 6 weeks, using a randomized cross-over design. In the last 2 weeks of each feeding period, urine and faeces of the cats were collected.
RESULTS
Renal calcium (Ca), oxalate (Ox) and citrate excretion were unaffected by the dietary protein concentration, possibly mediated by a high urine volume (24.2-34.2 ml/kg bodyweight (BW)/day) in all groups. However, renal Ox excretion was lower when the high quality diets were fed (P = 0.013). Urinary relative supersaturation (RSS) with calcium oxalate (CaOx) was low in general, but reduced in the high quality groups (P = 0.031). Urinary RSS values for magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) were high (2.64-5.00) among all groups. Apparent digestibility of crude protein and most minerals was unaffected by the different diets. Feed intake was higher in the low quality groups (P = 0.026), but BW of the cats did not differ depending on dietary protein quality. BW of the cats increased with increasing dietary protein concentrations (P = 0.003).
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, a high protein canned diet might not be a specific risk factor for CaOx urolith formation in cats. In contrast, all diets resulted in high RSS MAP values, which might be critical concerning MAP crystallization. Protein quality had a minor, but significant impact on urine composition, necessitating further research on this subject. A lower energy supply when feeding a low protein quality can be assumed. Changes in BW were only small and require a careful interpretation.
背景
猫粮中的蛋白质浓度和质量差异可能很大，其对猫尿液成分和营养供应的影响具有高度实际相关性。在本研究中，将6种蛋白质浓度和质量不同的罐装日粮喂给10只健康成年猫。日粮中的蛋白质质量因富含胶原蛋白成分的量而异。高质量日粮中羟脯氨酸浓度为2.56 - 4.45克/千克干物质，低质量日粮中为3.76 - 9.44克/千克干物质。高质量组的蛋白质水平分别为36.2%、43.3%和54.9%，低质量组分别为36.7%、45.0%和56.1%。采用随机交叉设计，每种日粮喂养6周。在每个喂养期的最后2周，收集猫的尿液和粪便。
结果
日粮蛋白质浓度对肾脏钙（Ca）、草酸盐（Ox）和柠檬酸盐排泄无影响，可能是由于所有组的尿量较高（24.2 - 34.2毫升/千克体重（BW）/天）介导的。然而，喂食高质量日粮时肾脏Ox排泄较低（P = 0.013）。草酸钙（CaOx）的尿液相对过饱和度（RSS）总体较低，但在高质量组中降低（P = 0.031）。所有组中磷酸镁铵（MAP）的尿液RSS值都很高（2.64 - 5.00）。不同日粮对粗蛋白和大多数矿物质的表观消化率无影响。低质量组的采食量较高（P = 0.026），但猫的体重并不因日粮蛋白质质量而异。猫的体重随日粮蛋白质浓度增加而增加（P = 0.003）。
结论
总之，高蛋白罐装日粮可能不是猫草酸钙尿路结石形成的特定风险因素。相反，所有日粮导致MAP的RSS值较高，这可能对MAP结晶至关重要。蛋白质质量对尿液成分有较小但显著的影响，需要对此主题进行进一步研究。可以假设喂食低质量蛋白质时能量供应较低。体重变化很小，需要谨慎解读。
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