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[全球医学网络:德国开展的“抵制烟草——自愿预防烟草”教育活动]

[The global medical network Education Against Tobacco-voluntary tobacco prevention made in Germany].

作者信息

Brinker Titus Josef, Buslaff Fabian, Haney Caelán, Gaim Benedikt, Haney Ailís Ceara, Schmidt Selina Marisa, Silchmüller Marc Phillipp, Taha Lava, Jakob Lena, Baumert Hannah Maria, Hallmann Marvin, Heckl Marlene, Alfitian Jonas, Brieske Christian Martin, Divizieva Evgenia Petrova, Wilhelm Jilada, Hillebrand Gabriel, Penka Dominik, Raveendranathan Sanjeevan, Suhre Janina Leonie

机构信息

Abteilung für Translationale Onkologie, Nationales Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen (NCT), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland.

Klinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.

出版信息

Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2018 Nov;61(11):1453-1461. doi: 10.1007/s00103-018-2826-8.

Abstract

Smoking is the leading preventable cause of premature death in Germany. The network "Education Against Tobacco" (EAT) is an initiative that was founded in Germany in 2012, in which more than 3500 medical students and physicians engage in volunteer work in about 80 medical faculties in 14 countries. In this article, the concept, activities, objectives and associated research studies oft he EAT initiative are introduced.On the school level, the initiative addresses 10- to 15-year-old secondary school students. In addition to a multimodal approach, school visits use modern media such as facemorphing apps, which are not only used by students (45,000 per year in 14 countries), but by a total of over 500,000 other people as well. The effectiveness of the school-based intervention is currently being investigated in randomised long-term studies with 20,000 adolescents in Germany. A first long-term study demonstrated evidence of a protective effect regarding the onset of smoking, especially among female students, students having a low level of education and students with a migratory background.The programme educates several hundred prospective physicians at 13 (of 28 participating) German medical faculties each year in science-based elective courses for the well-established smoking cessation counselling of patients and sensitises them to the tobacco epidemic. The approved members engage in dialogue with local members of the German house of representatives as "Ärzteverband Tabakprävention".EAT motivates the prospective generation of physicians, initially through prevention in school settings, to face the challenge of national tobacco control at the university and federal level.

摘要

吸烟是德国可预防的过早死亡的首要原因。“烟草防治教育”(EAT)网络是2012年在德国发起的一项倡议,3500多名医科学生和医生在14个国家的约80所医学院开展志愿工作。本文介绍了EAT倡议的概念、活动、目标及相关研究。在学校层面,该倡议面向10至15岁的中学生。除了采用多模式方法外,学校访问还使用现代媒体,如面部变形应用程序,这些应用程序不仅学生(14个国家每年有45000人使用)在使用,其他总共超过50万人也在使用。目前正在德国对20000名青少年进行的随机长期研究中调查基于学校的干预措施的有效性。第一项长期研究证明了对吸烟起始有保护作用的证据,尤其是在女学生、教育程度低的学生和有移民背景的学生中。该项目每年在德国28所参与的医学院中的13所,为数百名未来的医生提供关于为患者进行成熟的戒烟咨询的科学选修课程教育,并使他们对烟草流行问题敏感起来。经批准的成员作为“烟草预防医生协会”与德国众议院的当地成员进行对话。EAT通过最初在学校环境中的预防工作,激励未来一代医生在大学和联邦层面应对国家烟草控制的挑战。

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