Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2019 Jan;20(1):28-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2018.09.011. Epub 2018 Nov 7.
Sarcopenia has been defined as age-related loss of muscle mass and function. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to examine the effects of a 10-week instructor-led resistance training program on functional strength and body composition in men and women aged 70 years with pre-sarcopenia.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Participants were randomized to either 10 weeks of a physical training regimen including optional nutritional supplementation (n = 36) or to a control group (n = 34) (ClinicalTrials.gov, no. NCT03297632). The main outcome was changes in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score. Secondary outcomes included the Timed Up and Go test, chair sit-stand time, lean body mass, and fat mass.
The intervention had no significant effect on SPPB in the total cohort (P = .18), when comparing changes in the intervention group with the control group. However, those given the intervention in the male subcohort increased 0.5 ± 0.4 (mean ± standard error for the difference) points in SPPB during follow-up (P = .02) compared to male controls. With respect to secondary outcomes, the intervention group decreased 0.9 ± 0.6 seconds in chair sit-stand time compared to controls (P = .01). Furthermore, the intervention resulted in significantly greater improvements for the training group than control group in all measures of body composition (P ≤ .01 for all). For example, lean body mass increased by a mean of 1147 ± 282 g (P < .001), and total fat mass decreased by a mean of 553 ± 225 g (P = .003), favoring the intervention group.
CONCLUSION/IMPLICATIONS: The main finding of this intervention study is that an easy-to-use, functional resistance training program was effective in maintaining functional strength and increasing muscle mass in older adults with pre-sarcopenia.
肌少症是指与年龄相关的肌肉质量和功能丧失。本随机对照试验的目的是检验 10 周指导员指导的抗阻训练方案对 70 岁有肌少前期的男性和女性的功能性力量和身体成分的影响。
设计、地点和参与者：参与者被随机分为 10 周的身体训练方案组（包括可选的营养补充）（n=36）或对照组（n=34）（ClinicalTrials.gov，编号 NCT03297632）。主要结局是短体适能表现测验（SPPB）评分的变化。次要结局包括计时起立行走测试、椅站时间、瘦体重和体脂肪量。
该干预措施对总队列的 SPPB 没有显著影响（P=0.18），比较干预组和对照组的变化时也是如此。然而，在男性亚组中接受干预的男性，在随访期间 SPPB 增加了 0.5±0.4 分（差值的均值±标准误）（P=0.02），与男性对照组相比。关于次要结局，干预组在椅站时间方面比对照组减少了 0.9±0.6 秒（P=0.01）。此外，与对照组相比，干预组在所有身体成分测量指标上都有显著更大的改善（所有 P 值均≤0.01）。例如，瘦体重增加了 1147±282g 的平均值（P<0.001），总脂肪量减少了 553±225g 的平均值（P=0.003），这都有利于干预组。
结论/意义：这项干预研究的主要发现是，一种易于使用的功能性抗阻训练方案对有肌少前期的老年人保持功能性力量和增加肌肉质量是有效的。
