解析饮食强迫症与健康饮食和其他饮食障碍症状的关系：与临床损伤、共病和自我报告的食物选择的关系。
Disentangling orthorexia nervosa from healthy eating and other eating disorder symptoms: Relationships with clinical impairment, comorbidity, and self-reported food choices.
机构信息
University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, United States; Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, United States.
East Carolina University, United States.
出版信息
Appetite. 2019 Mar 1;134:40-49. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.12.006. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
BACKGROUND
Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is characterized by obsessions about eating healthily and rigid adherence to a perceived healthy diet. This study uses the Eating Habits Questionnaire to investigate the relationship of ON symptoms with self-reported food intake, eating-related impairment, obsessive compulsive disorder symptoms (OCD), gender, and BMI while controlling for other eating disordered symptoms. The aim of this study is to provide further evidence for the construct of ON as distinct from other forms of disordered eating.
METHODS
The sample consisted of 449 adults recruited on Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Self-reported symptoms of currently recognized eating disorders (anorexia and bulimia nervosa, AN/BN, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, ARFID) were statistically controlled in correlational analyses and MANCOVA exploring the relationship of ON domains to comorbidity, eating behavior, gender, and weight.
RESULTS
Confirmatory factor analysis supported a three-factor solution for the EHQ, with factors representing normative healthy eating behaviors ("behaviors"), positive feelings associated with healthy eating ("feelings"), and interference/problems from rigid healthy eating ("problems"). Overall ON symptoms were more strongly related to AN/BN than to ARFID. Of the subscales, only Problems was related to other eating disorder symptomatology. Controlling for other eating disorder symptoms, overall ON symptomatology was not related to clinical impairment from eating or OCD, although it was related to higher self-reported intake of fruits/vegetables and lower intake of discretionary foods. When other eating disordered symptoms and ON domains were statistically controlled, Problems was related to clinical eating impairment, OCD symptoms, and higher intake of both fruits/vegetables and discretionary foods.
CONCLUSIONS
The Problems scale of the EHQ appears to capture disordered eating symptomatology that is distinct from other eating disorders and from normative healthy eating behaviors, consistent with descriptions of ON.
背景
饮食强迫症（ON）的特点是对健康饮食的痴迷和对健康饮食的严格坚持。本研究使用饮食行为问卷（EHQ）来调查 ON 症状与自我报告的食物摄入、与饮食相关的损伤、强迫症状（OCD）、性别和 BMI 的关系，同时控制其他饮食障碍症状。本研究的目的是为 ON 作为一种不同于其他饮食障碍形式的独特性提供进一步的证据。
方法
该样本由在亚马逊的 Mechanical Turk 上招募的 449 名成年人组成。对目前公认的饮食障碍（神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症、AN/BN、回避/限制型食物摄入障碍、ARFID）的自我报告症状进行了统计学控制，在相关分析和 MANCOVA 中，探讨了 ON 各领域与共病、饮食行为、性别和体重的关系。
结果
验证性因子分析支持 EHQ 的三因素解决方案，因素代表正常健康的饮食行为（“行为”）、与健康饮食相关的积极感受（“感受”）以及与严格健康饮食相关的干扰/问题（“问题”）。总体而言，ON 症状与 AN/BN 的关系比与 ARFID 的关系更密切。在子量表中，只有“问题”与其他饮食障碍症状有关。在控制其他饮食障碍症状后，总体 ON 症状与饮食障碍的临床损伤或 OCD 无关，尽管它与自我报告的水果/蔬菜摄入量较高和可自由支配食物摄入量较低有关。当控制其他饮食障碍症状和 ON 各领域后，“问题”与临床饮食障碍、OCD 症状以及水果/蔬菜和可自由支配食物摄入量的增加有关。
结论
EHQ 的“问题”量表似乎与其他饮食障碍和正常健康饮食行为不同，与 ON 的描述一致，能捕捉到紊乱的饮食症状。
Zotero 插件