埃塞俄比亚中部安曼尼精神专科医院的精神分裂症患者第一代抗精神病药物引起的副作用的流行情况和管理做法：横断面研究。
Prevalence and management practice of first generation antipsychotics induced side effects among schizophrenic patients at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, central Ethiopia: cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2019 Jan 18;19(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s12888-018-1999-x.
BACKGROUND
First-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) are associated with a range of adverse events which can significantly reduce patients' quality of life and contribute to non-adherence. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and management practice of first generation antipsychotics induced side effects among schizophrenic patients.
METHODS
The study was conducted at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital from March to June, 2017. Data from patients were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Demographics and side effects of antipsychotics were collected by face to face interview. Clinical characteristics, medications and previous history of adverse drug events were extracted from medical records using data abstraction format. The data were analyzed using statistical software for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were done. Statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05.
RESULTS
Out of 356 participants, 300 of them had complete data and were included in the study. The mean age of participants was 33.71 ± 10.2 years. The majority, 195(65.0%), of participants were males. Most of the participants, 293(97.7%), developed FGA medication induced side effects. One hundred sixty three (54.3%) participants were treated with Trihexyphenidyl for FGAs induced side effects. Dose reduction of antipsychotics was done for 51(17.0%) participants. Most of the participants' side effects were not managed according to American Psychiatric Association guideline; 178 (82.4%). The most common types of FGAs induced side effects were cardiovascular side effects 169(56.3%); sedation and CNS side effects 149(49.6%); and extrapyramidal side effects 114(38.0%). There is a significant association between occurrence of side effects of FGAs and duration of illness (P = 0.04).
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of first generation antipsychotics induced side effects was high. However, management practice of the side effects was minimal.
背景
第一代抗精神病药物（FGAs）与一系列不良反应相关，这些不良反应会显著降低患者的生活质量，并导致其不遵医嘱。本研究旨在评估精神分裂症患者中第一代抗精神病药物引起的副作用的发生率和管理实践。
方法
本研究于 2017 年 3 月至 6 月在安曼纽尔精神专科医院进行。通过预测试的结构化问卷收集患者数据。通过面对面访谈收集抗精神病药物的人口统计学和副作用数据。从病历中使用数据提取表提取临床特征、药物和药物不良反应的既往史。使用社会科学统计软件（SPSS）版本 20 分析数据。采用描述性统计和卡方检验。认为 p<0.05 具有统计学意义。
结果
在 356 名参与者中，有 300 名参与者的数据完整，被纳入研究。参与者的平均年龄为 33.71±10.2 岁。其中，195 名（65.0%）参与者为男性。大多数参与者（293 名，97.7%）出现了 FGA 药物引起的副作用。163 名（54.3%）参与者接受了三苯氧胺治疗 FGA 引起的副作用。有 51 名（17.0%）参与者减少了抗精神病药物的剂量。大多数参与者的副作用没有按照美国精神病学协会的指南进行管理；178 名（82.4%）。FGAs 引起的最常见副作用类型是心血管副作用 169 名（56.3%）；镇静和中枢神经系统副作用 149 名（49.6%）；和锥体外系副作用 114 名（38.0%）。FGAs 副作用的发生与疾病持续时间之间存在显著关联（P=0.04）。
结论
第一代抗精神病药物引起的副作用发生率较高，但对这些副作用的管理实践很少。
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