The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.
Better Border Biosecurity, Auckland, New Zealand.
Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 25;9(1):2653. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37487-6.
Surveillance for invading insect pests is costly and the trapper usually finds the traps empty of the target pest. Since the successful establishment of new pests is an uncommon event, multiple lures placed into one trap might increase the efficiency of the surveillance system. We investigated the effect of the combination of the Tephritidae male lures - trimedlure, cuelure, raspberry ketone and methyl eugenol - on catch of Ceratitis capitata, Zeugodacus cucurbitae, Bactrocera tryoni, B. dorsalis, B. aquilonis and B. tenuifascia in Australia and the USA (not all species are present in each country). The increase in trap density required to offset any reduction in catch due to the presence of lures for other Tephritidae was estimated. The effect of increasing trap density to maintain surveillance sensitivity was modelled for a hypothetical population of B. tryoni males, where the effective sampling area of cuelure traps for this species has been estimated. The 3-way combination significantly reduced the catch of the methyl eugenol-responsive B. dorsalis. Unexpectedly, we found that trimedlure-baited traps that contained methyl eugenol had ×3.1 lower catch of C. capitata than in trimedlure-only-baited traps in Australia, but not in Hawaii where no difference in catch was observed, we cannot satisfactorily explain this result. Based on the data presented here and from previous research, combinations of some male lures for the early detection of tephritid flies appear compatible and where there is any reduction in surveillance sensitivity observed, this can be offset by increasing the density of traps in the area.
入侵性害虫监测成本高昂，诱捕器通常是空的，没有目标害虫。由于新害虫的成功建立是罕见的事件，因此将多个诱饵放入一个诱捕器中可能会提高监测系统的效率。我们调查了桃小食心虫、瓜实蝇、树莓酮和甲基丁香酚这 3 种引诱剂与桔小实蝇、瓜实蝇、地中海实蝇、黑腹果蝇、黄胫实蝇和双带实蝇在澳大利亚和美国（并非所有物种都存在于每个国家）中的组合对其诱捕效果的影响（not all species are present in each country）。我们还估计了为弥补因其他实蝇科昆虫引诱剂而导致的诱捕量减少所需增加的诱捕器密度。对于地中海实蝇雄性的假设种群，模拟了增加诱捕器密度以维持监测敏感性的效果，其中已经估计了该物种对桔小实蝇诱捕器的有效采样面积。3 种引诱剂的组合显著降低了对甲基丁香酚有反应的黑腹果蝇的诱捕量。出乎意料的是，我们发现，在澳大利亚，含有甲基丁香酚的桃小食心虫引诱剂诱捕器的诱捕量比只含有桃小食心虫引诱剂的诱捕器低 3.1 倍，但在夏威夷却没有观察到这种差异，我们无法满意地解释这一结果。基于这里提出的数据和以前的研究，一些雄虫引诱剂的组合似乎可以用于早期检测实蝇，并且如果观察到监测敏感性降低，通过增加该地区诱捕器的密度可以弥补这种敏感性降低。
