Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, 1227 University Street, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA.
Center for Learning and Memory and Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2019 Jun;19(3):503-522. doi: 10.3758/s13415-019-00700-8.
External motivation, such as a promise of future monetary reward for remembering an event, can affect which events are remembered. Reward-based memory modulation is thought to result from encoding and post-encoding interactions between dopaminergic midbrain, signaling reward, and hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex, supporting episodic memory. We asked whether hippocampal and parahippocampal interactions with other reward-related regions are related to reward modulation of memory and whether such relationships are stable over time. Individuals' memory sensitivity to reward was measured using a monetary incentive encoding task in which a cue indicated potential monetary reward (penny, dime, or dollar) for remembering an upcoming object pair. Functional connectivity between memory and reward regions was measured before, during, and following the task. Reward-related regions of interest were generated using a meta-analysis of existing studies on reward and included ventral striatum, medial and orbital prefrontal cortices and anterior cingulate cortex, in addition to midbrain. The results showed that connectivity between memory and reward regions tracked individual differences in reward modulation of memory, irrespective of when connectivity was measured. Connectivity patterns of anterior cingulate, orbitofrontal cortex, and ventral striatum covaried together and tracked behavior most strongly. These findings implicate a broader set of reward regions in reward modulation of memory than considered previously and provide new evidence that stable connectivity patterns between memory and reward centers relate to individual differences in how reward impacts memory.
外部动机,如对记住某件事的未来金钱奖励的承诺,会影响到哪些事件被记住。基于奖励的记忆调节被认为是由于中脑多巴胺能、信号奖励与海马体和海马旁回之间的编码和后编码相互作用而产生的,支持情景记忆。我们想知道海马体和海马旁回与其他与奖励相关的区域的相互作用是否与记忆的奖励调节有关,以及这种关系是否随时间稳定。使用金钱激励编码任务来测量个体对奖励的记忆敏感性,在该任务中,线索表明记住即将到来的物体对有潜在的金钱奖励(便士、一角硬币或美元)。在任务之前、期间和之后测量记忆和奖励区域之间的功能连接。使用关于奖励的现有研究的荟萃分析生成奖励相关的感兴趣区域,除了中脑之外,还包括腹侧纹状体、内侧和眶额皮质以及前扣带皮层。结果表明,记忆和奖励区域之间的连接跟踪了个体差异对记忆的奖励调节,而与何时测量连接无关。扣带回前部、眶额皮质和腹侧纹状体的连接模式一起变化,与行为的相关性最强。这些发现表明,与以前认为的相比,更广泛的奖励区域参与了记忆的奖励调节,并提供了新的证据,即记忆和奖励中心之间稳定的连接模式与奖励对记忆的影响的个体差异有关。