Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong Uinversity, School of Medicine, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, China.
Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2019 May;70:459-466. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.02.050. Epub 2019 Mar 9.
Macrophages, as crucial cellular components of innate immunity, are characterized by possessing high plasticity and an abnormal ability to differentiate in response to numerous stimuli. Given this, macrophages show extreme heterogeneity under both physiological and pathological conditions. Typically, macrophages can be polarized into classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2) depending on their environment. The relative functions of these two subtypes are almost exactly opposed to one another. Recent studies have suggested that some naturally occurring compounds can exert regulatory effects on the progression of macrophage polarization, which implies that they could be promising therapeutic tools to treat relevant diseases. Therefore, in our current review, we summarize recent studies on several naturally occurring compounds that may possess the ability to regulate macrophage polarization and explore the associated molecular mechanisms.
巨噬细胞作为先天免疫的重要细胞成分，其特点是具有高可塑性和对多种刺激异常的分化能力。正因为如此，巨噬细胞在生理和病理条件下表现出极大的异质性。通常情况下，巨噬细胞可以根据其所处的环境极化成为经典激活的巨噬细胞（M1）和交替激活的巨噬细胞（M2）。这两种亚型的相对功能几乎完全相反。最近的研究表明，一些天然存在的化合物可以对巨噬细胞极化的进展发挥调节作用，这意味着它们可能是治疗相关疾病的有前途的治疗工具。因此，在我们目前的综述中，我们总结了几种可能具有调节巨噬细胞极化能力的天然存在的化合物的最新研究，并探讨了相关的分子机制。
