HIV 器官政策公平法案的未来：美国 HIV+ 到 HIV+ 之间的肾脏移植状况。
The future of HIV Organ Policy Equity Act is now: the state of HIV+ to HIV+ kidney transplantation in the United States.
机构信息
Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
出版信息
Curr Opin Organ Transplant. 2019 Aug;24(4):434-440. doi: 10.1097/MOT.0000000000000653.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
We report the current state of HIV+ to HIV+ kidney transplantation in the United States and remaining challenges in implementing this practice nationally.
RECENT FINDINGS
The HIV Organ Policy Equity (HOPE) Act, which was the first step in unlocking the potential of HIV+ organ donors, mandates clinical research on HIV+ to HIV+ transplantation. As of March 2019, there have been 57 HOPE donors, including both true and false positive HOPE donors resulting in more than 120 transplants.
SUMMARY
The HOPE Act, signed in 2013, reversed the federal ban on the transplantation of organs from HIV+ donors into HIV+ recipients. Ongoing national studies are exploring the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of both kidney and liver transplantation in this population. If successfully and fully implemented, HIV+ to HIV+ transplantation could attenuate the organ shortage for everyone waiting, resulting in a far-reaching public health impact.
目的综述
本研究报告了美国目前 HIV+ 患者向 HIV+ 患者进行肾脏移植的现状，以及在全国范围内实施这一实践所面临的挑战。
最近的发现
《艾滋病毒器官公平政策法案》（HOPE 法案）是解锁 HIV+器官捐献者潜能的第一步，该法案要求对 HIV+ 患者向 HIV+ 患者进行肾脏移植的临床研究。截至 2019 年 3 月，已有 57 名 HOPE 供体，包括真正和假阳性的 HOPE 供体，导致超过 120 例移植。
总结
2013 年签署的 HOPE 法案推翻了联邦政府禁止将 HIV+供体器官移植到 HIV+受者体内的禁令。正在进行的全国性研究正在探索在这一人群中进行肾脏和肝脏移植的安全性、可行性和有效性。如果成功并全面实施，HIV+ 患者向 HIV+ 患者的移植可以缓解所有人等待器官移植的短缺问题，从而产生深远的公共卫生影响。
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