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模拟轮班制时改变用餐时间对主观饥饿感、胃部不适和困意的影响。

Subjective Hunger, Gastric Upset, and Sleepiness in Response to Altered Meal Timing during Simulated Shiftwork.

机构信息

Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, 5072 Adelaide, Australia.

Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, 5000 Adelaide, Australia.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2019 Jun 15;11(6):1352. doi: 10.3390/nu11061352.

Abstract

Shiftworkers report eating during the night when the body is primed to sleep. This study investigated the impact of altering food timing on subjective responses. Healthy participants ( = 44, 26 male, age Mean ± SD = 25.0 ± 2.9 years, BMI = 23.82 ± 2.59kg/m) participated in a 7-day simulated shiftwork protocol. Participants were randomly allocated to one of three eating conditions. At 00:30, participants consumed a meal comprising 30% of 24 h energy intake (Meal condition; = 14, 8 males), a snack comprising 10% of 24 h energy intake (Snack condition; = 14; 8 males) or did not eat during the night (No Eating condition; = 16, 10 males). Total 24 h individual energy intake and macronutrient content was constant across conditions. During the night, participants reported hunger, gut reaction, and sleepiness levels at 21:00, 23:30, 2:30, and 5:00. Mixed model analyses revealed that the snack condition reported significantly more hunger than the meal group ( < 0.001) with the no eating at night group reporting the greatest hunger ( < 0.001). There was no difference in desire to eat between meal and snack groups. Participants reported less sleepiness after the snack compared to after the meal ( < 0.001) or when not eating during the night ( 0.001). Gastric upset did not differ between conditions. A snack during the nightshift could alleviate hunger during the nightshift without causing fullness or increased sleepiness.

摘要

轮班工人在身体准备入睡的时候会报告夜间进食。本研究调查了改变食物时间对主观反应的影响。健康参与者(n=44,26 名男性,年龄均值±标准差=25.0±2.9 岁,BMI=23.82±2.59kg/m²)参与了为期 7 天的模拟轮班工作方案。参与者被随机分配到三种进食条件之一。在 00:30,参与者摄入了一顿包含 24 小时能量摄入 30%的餐食(用餐条件;n=14,8 名男性)、一顿包含 24 小时能量摄入 10%的零食(零食条件;n=14;8 名男性)或夜间不进食(不进食条件;n=16,10 名男性)。在整个条件下,24 小时个人总能量摄入和宏量营养素含量保持不变。夜间,参与者在 21:00、23:30、2:30 和 5:00 报告饥饿感、肠胃反应和困意水平。混合模型分析表明,零食条件报告的饥饿感明显高于餐食组(<0.001),而夜间不进食组报告的饥饿感最大(<0.001)。餐食组和零食组之间的进食欲望没有差异。与用餐后(<0.001)或夜间不进食时(<0.001)相比,参与者在食用零食后报告的困倦感较少。不同条件下的胃部不适没有差异。夜间小食可能会缓解夜班期间的饥饿感,而不会导致饱腹感或增加困意。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6573/6628383/3fa2e5c6c5c3/nutrients-11-01352-g001.jpg

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