意大利受石棉污染社区的环境健康教育：卡萨尔蒙费拉托案例研究。
Environmental Health Education for Asbestos-Contaminated Communities in Italy: The Casale Monferrato Case Study.
机构信息
Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, IT.
WHO Collaborating Centre on Environmental Health in Contaminated Sites, IT.
出版信息
Ann Glob Health. 2019 Jun 17;85(1):84. doi: 10.5334/aogh.2491.
BACKGROUND
Environmental health education contributes towards increasing awareness of communities to prevent exposure to hazardous substances. Casale Monferrato, the operating site for the Eternit asbestos-cement factory from 1907 to 1986, is a prioritized asbestos-contaminated site for remediation in Italy. The area is prone to severe asbestos-related diseases. About 50 cases of mesothelioma are diagnosed in Casale Monferrato annually; mesothelioma has been shown to be caused by occupational, environmental and domestic asbestos exposure.
OBJECTIVES
The goal of this paper is to analyze the Casale Monferrato case study in terms of youth engagement in environmental health education initiatives on asbestos risk and health impact. The paper aims at underlining the lessons learned in order to share the success of this initiative with other communities living in asbestos-contaminated sites in different countries.
METHODS
Peer education methodology has been used through the Asbestos Classroom to involve teachers, students and other local stakeholders in training activities, in selection of the contents for educational materials and interactive tools, as well as in choosing the presentation process for the aforementioned knowledge sharing instruments.
FINDINGS
From November 2014 to June 2018, 185 high school students and teachers were trained through the Asbestos Classroom. Through December 2018, they trained 3,241 classroom visitors. The Classroom relies on an inclusive participative process in which young people play a key role in the network of relationships within their community.
CONCLUSIONS
The paper corroborates the importance of engaging the educational system in communication efforts aimed at fostering collective awareness on environmental risk and health-related impacts for communities living in industrially contaminated sites. Considering the global dimension of the asbestos contamination and disease burden, this experience might be of relevance both in countries that banned asbestos and in those where asbestos is not yet prohibited.
背景
环境卫生教育有助于提高社区的意识，以防止接触有害物质。从 1907 年到 1986 年，埃特尼特石棉水泥厂在卡斯莱蒙费拉托运营，这里是意大利优先进行石棉污染场地修复的地方。该地区易发生严重的石棉相关疾病。在卡斯莱蒙费拉托，每年约有 50 例间皮瘤被诊断出来；间皮瘤已被证明是由职业、环境和家庭接触石棉引起的。
目的
本文旨在分析卡斯莱蒙费拉托案例研究，探讨青年参与有关石棉风险和健康影响的环境卫生教育计划的情况。本文旨在强调所吸取的经验教训，以便与其他生活在不同国家的石棉污染场地的社区分享这一举措的成功经验。
方法
通过石棉课堂采用同伴教育方法，让教师、学生和其他当地利益攸关方参与培训活动、选择教育材料和互动工具的内容，以及选择上述知识共享工具的演示过程。
发现
从 2014 年 11 月到 2018 年 6 月，通过石棉课堂培训了 185 名高中生和教师。截至 2018 年 12 月，他们培训了 3241 名课堂访客。该课堂依赖于一个包容性的参与式过程，年轻人在其社区的关系网络中发挥着关键作用。
结论
本文证实了在受工业污染场地影响的社区中，让教育系统参与旨在促进集体认识环境风险和与健康相关影响的沟通努力的重要性。考虑到全球范围内的石棉污染和疾病负担，这一经验可能在已经禁止石棉的国家和尚未禁止石棉的国家都具有相关性。
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