Cange Charles W, Wirtz Andrea L, Ky-Zerbo Odette, Lougue Marcel, Kouanda Seni, Baral Stefan
Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; and Department of Health Sciences, Lehman College, The City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard, New York, NY 10468, USA; and Corresponding author. Email:
Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Sex Health. 2019 Aug;16(4):348-357. doi: 10.1071/SH17213.
Background Data from other settings suggest that female sex workers (FSWs) are regularly exposed to violence and risks of psychological and physical trauma, although less is known about the effects of this violence. The objective of this study was to understand the experiences of violence and relationships with mental health symptomatology among FSWs.
A mixed-methods design was used to explore the contexts and social perceptions of violence and mental health effects among FSW in Burkina Faso in 2013.
In all, 696 FSWs were recruited via respondent-driven sampling and enrolled in the study in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Seventy participants were also recruited into qualitative research. Nearly two-thirds of quantitative respondents (61.7%) reported experiencing lifetime physical violence, of whom 77.4% reported experiencing violence after initiating sex work. Further, 40.9% of participants reported forced non-consensual sex, most of which occurred after they had started sex work (73.0%). In some cases, the male perpetrator used physical force to force non-consensual sex. Forced non-consensual sex was often without condoms. Among quantitative participants, 41.8% reported ever having feelings of depression; there was also a high prevalence of suicide ideation in this group. Qualitative participants also described feelings of depression, alienation, and suicide ideation. Some qualitative participants described using protective methods to avoid violence and to promote social protection among FSWs.
The findings suggest that stigma and physical and sexual abuse are prevalent among FSWs. Within this context of sex work, lifetime experiences of physical and sexual violence were highly correlated with self-reported mental health symptoms.
其他地区的数据表明，女性性工作者经常面临暴力以及心理和身体创伤风险，不过对于这种暴力的影响了解较少。本研究的目的是了解女性性工作者遭受暴力的经历以及与心理健康症状的关系。
采用混合方法设计，以探究2013年布基纳法索女性性工作者遭受暴力的背景及社会认知，以及对心理健康的影响。
总共通过应答驱动抽样招募了696名女性性工作者，她们在布基纳法索的瓦加杜古和博博迪乌拉索参与了研究。另外还招募了70名参与者进行定性研究。近三分之二的定量研究受访者（61.7%）报告曾遭受过身体暴力，其中77.4%报告在开始从事性工作后遭受暴力。此外，40.9%的参与者报告曾遭受强迫非自愿性行为，其中大部分发生在她们开始从事性工作之后（73.0%）。在某些情况下，男性施暴者使用暴力强迫进行非自愿性行为。强迫非自愿性行为往往不使用避孕套。在定量研究参与者中，41.8%报告曾有过抑郁情绪；该群体中自杀念头的患病率也很高。定性研究参与者也描述了抑郁、疏离和自杀念头等感受。一些定性研究参与者描述了使用保护方法来避免暴力，并促进女性性工作者之间的社会保护。
研究结果表明，耻辱感以及身体和性虐待在女性性工作者中普遍存在。在这种性工作背景下，身体和性暴力的终生经历与自我报告的心理健康症状高度相关。
