中国儿童人巨细胞病毒感染的流行病学特征及糖蛋白 H 基因型分析。
Epidemiological characteristics of human cytomegalovirus infection and glycoprotein H genotype in Chinese children.
机构信息
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, PR China.
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, PR China.
出版信息
Pediatr Neonatol. 2020 Feb;61(1):63-67. doi: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2019.06.010. Epub 2019 Jul 3.
BACKGROUND
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common pathogen that causes many diseases in young children. HCMV glycoprotein H (gH) genotypes may be associated with the type and severity of some diseases. In this study, systematic surveillance was conducted on the prevalence of HCMV infections and HCMV gH genotypes in children.
METHODS
Urine samples were collected from children admitted to the inpatient wards and outpatient departments between January 2015 and December 2016 in the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Hangzhou, China), and these were tested by real-time PCR for HCMV DNA detection and HCMV gH genotyping.
RESULTS
During the study period, a total of 32,542 urine samples were collected and analyzed using real-time PCR to confirm HCMV infection, and 5286 (16.2%) cases were positive for HCMV DNA. From our results, children aged less than one year were the most susceptible population to HCMV. Based on the data obtained from gH probes combined with real-time PCR assay, 964 HCMV-positive samples were genotyped for gH. Among them, 584 (60.6%) were positive for gH1 subtype, 307 (31.8%) for gH2 subtype, and 73 (7.6%) for both gH1 and gH2 subtypes. The gH2 rate of 42.9% indicated HCMV infection was the highest subtype in the group aged ≤28 days while gH1 rate of 77% was the highest in the group aged >3 years. The highest gH2 rate (36.4%) and lowest gH1 rate (50.0%) were detected in children with HCMV viremia, whereas the highest gH1 rates (65.0%) and lowest gH2 rates (28.8%) were found in children with HCMV hepatitis.
CONCLUSION
The findings of our study show that children less than 1-year-old are the major population among HCMV-infected children. gH1 is the predominant genotype of HCMV in China, which occurs more frequently than gH2 genotype in the case of HCMV hepatitis. However, the opposite tendency is observed in HCMV viremia, where the gH2 genotype is predominant.
背景
人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）是一种常见的病原体，可导致许多幼儿疾病。HCMV 糖蛋白 H（gH）基因型可能与某些疾病的类型和严重程度有关。本研究对儿童中 HCMV 感染和 HCMV gH 基因型的流行情况进行了系统监测。
方法
2015 年 1 月至 2016 年 12 月，采集浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院住院病房和门诊患儿的尿液样本，采用实时 PCR 法检测 HCMV DNA 并进行 HCMV gH 基因分型。
结果
研究期间，共采集 32542 份尿液样本进行实时 PCR 检测 HCMV 感染，5286 例（16.2%）HCMV DNA 阳性。结果显示，年龄小于 1 岁的儿童最易感染 HCMV。根据 gH 探针结合实时 PCR 检测结果，对 964 例 HCMV 阳性样本进行 gH 基因分型。其中 gH1 亚型 584 例（60.6%），gH2 亚型 307 例（31.8%），gH1 和 gH2 双型 73 例（7.6%）。≤28 天组 HCMV 感染 gH2 型比例最高（42.9%），>3 岁组 gH1 型比例最高（77.0%）。HCMV 病毒血症组 gH2 型比例最高（36.4%），gH1 型比例最低（50.0%），HCMV 肝炎组 gH1 型比例最高（65.0%），gH2 型比例最低（28.8%）。
结论
本研究发现，1 岁以下儿童是 HCMV 感染儿童的主要人群。gH1 是中国 HCMV 的主要基因型，在 HCMV 肝炎中比 gH2 基因型更为常见。然而，在 HCMV 病毒血症中，gH2 基因型更为常见，gH1 基因型则相反。
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