健康素养与中国青少年身心症状的关系：一项横断面研究。
The association between health literacy and psychosomatic symptoms of adolescents in China: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81th Meishan Road, 230032, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle / Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, 81th Meishan Road, 230032, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2019 Sep 12;19(1):1259. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7589-0.
BACKGROUND
Lower health literacy (HL) has been known to be involved in a range of common mental and physical disorders among adolescent students. Ample studies indicated low HL is associated with a series of chronic diseases even psychological diseases, nevertheless, little is known about this relationship among adolescents. In this context, the study aimed to examine associations between psychosomatic symptoms (physical and psychological symptoms) and HL in junior and senior high school students in China, and to provide guidance for improving the physical and mental health in Chinese adolescents.
METHODS
A total of 22,628 junior and high school students in China were enrolled in this study. HL and psychosomatic symptoms were measured by self-report validated questionnaires. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations between six sub-scales of HL and physical / psychological symptoms.
RESULTS
Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the sub-scales of HL showed a significantly negative association with physical symptoms and psychological symptoms (P < 0.05 for each). Physical symptoms was most strongly associated with IR (β = - 0.134), followed by SM (β = - 0.093), DB (β = - 0.059), SA (β = - 0.058) and PA (β = - 0.054). No statistically significant difference was found between HA and physical symptoms (P > 0.05). Meanwhile, psychological symptoms were most strongly associated with IR (β = - 0.160), followed by SA (β = - 0.129), SM (β = - 0.069), DB (β = - 0.031), HA (β = - 0.026) and PA (β = - 0.021).
CONCLUSION
These results indicated the importance of identifying the association of HL with physical and psychological symptoms, and provided the evidence that lower HL may serve as a critical and independent risk factor for poor health outcomes. Meanwhile, to maintain students' desirable healthy status public health efforts for enhancing their HL level are urgently needed in adolescents.
背景
较低的健康素养（HL）已被证实与青少年学生的一系列常见心理和身体障碍有关。大量研究表明，低 HL 与一系列慢性疾病甚至心理疾病有关，但青少年中这种关系的研究还很少。在这种情况下，本研究旨在探讨中国初中和高中生的身心症状（身体和心理症状）与 HL 之间的关系，并为改善中国青少年的身心健康提供指导。
方法
本研究共纳入中国 22628 名初中和高中生。HL 和身心症状通过自我报告的经过验证的问卷进行测量。采用多元线性回归分析来检验 HL 的六个子量表与身体/心理症状之间的关系。
结果
多元线性回归分析表明，HL 的子量表与身体症状和心理症状呈显著负相关（P<0.05）。身体症状与 IR 相关性最强（β=-0.134），其次是 SM（β=-0.093）、DB（β=-0.059）、SA（β=-0.058）和 PA（β=-0.054）。HA 与身体症状之间无统计学差异（P>0.05）。同时，心理症状与 IR 相关性最强（β=-0.160），其次是 SA（β=-0.129）、SM（β=-0.069）、DB（β=-0.031）、HA（β=-0.026）和 PA（β=-0.021）。
结论
这些结果表明，识别 HL 与身体和心理症状之间的关系非常重要，并提供了证据表明，较低的 HL 可能是健康状况不佳的一个关键且独立的危险因素。同时，为了维持学生良好的健康状态，需要在青少年中开展增强其 HL 水平的公共卫生工作。
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