危险的硝酸甲酯和氟硝酸甲酯的固态与气相结构及能量特性
Solid-State and Gas-Phase Structures and Energetic Properties of the Dangerous Methyl and Fluoromethyl Nitrates.
作者信息
Reichel Marco, Krumm Burkhard, Vishnevskiy Yury V, Blomeyer Sebastian, Schwabedissen Jan, Stammler Hans-Georg, Karaghiosoff Konstantin, Mitzel Norbert W
机构信息
Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13(D), D-81377, München, Germany.
Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
出版信息
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2019 Dec 16;58(51):18557-18561. doi: 10.1002/anie.201911300. Epub 2019 Nov 6.
An improved synthesis of the simplest nitric acid ester, methyl nitrate, and a new synthesis of fluoromethyl nitrate use the metathesis of the corresponding iodomethanes with silver nitrate. Both compounds were identified by spectroscopy and the structures determined for in situ grown crystals by X-ray diffraction as well as in the gas phase by electron diffraction. Fluorination leads to structures with shorter C-O and N-O bonds, has an energetically destabilizing effect and increases friction sensitivity, but decreases detonation performance.
一种改进的最简单硝酸酯——硝酸甲酯的合成方法，以及一种新的硝酸氟甲酯合成方法，采用相应的碘甲烷与硝酸银的复分解反应。两种化合物均通过光谱鉴定，并通过X射线衍射确定原位生长晶体的结构，以及通过电子衍射确定气相结构。氟化导致碳氧键和氮氧键更短的结构，具有能量不稳定效应并增加摩擦敏感度，但会降低爆轰性能。
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