Medical Materials Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Mudaliar Postgraduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, 600042, India.
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2019 Oct 3;30(10):113. doi: 10.1007/s10856-019-6315-x.
Brushite cements are known for excellent osteoconductive and degradation properties, however, its widespread use is limited due to rapid setting time and poor mechanical properties. The eggshell derived calcium phosphates exhibits improved physical and biological properties due to the presence of biologically relevant ions. In this study, eggshell derived brushite cement (EB) was fabricated using β-tricalcium phosphate synthesized from eggshells. The presence of trace elements in EB prolonged its setting time. The size of brushite crystals in EB was found to be smaller than the pure brushite cement (PB) leading to increased initial compressive strength and higher in vitro degradation rate. The L6 and MG63 cell lines exhibited good biocompatibility with the cement at the end 72 h. In vivo studies of the cements were performed in rat calvarial defect model. Micro CT analysis showed faster degradation and accelerated bone formation in EB filled defect. Histological studies revealed infiltration of inflammatory cells into the implant site for both the cements till 6th week. However, inflammation was found to be significantly reduced at the 12th week in EB compared to PB leading to complete bone bridge formation. Multi-ion substituted EB seems to be a potential bone substitute material with a reasonable setting time for ease of handling, higher mechanical strength, minimal inflammatory response and higher bone regeneration.
羟基磷灰石水泥以其优异的成骨和降解性能而闻名，然而，由于其凝固时间快和机械性能差，其广泛应用受到限制。蛋壳来源的磷酸钙具有生物相关离子的存在，表现出改善的物理和生物学性质。在这项研究中，使用从蛋壳合成的β-磷酸三钙制备了蛋壳衍生的 brushite 水泥 (EB)。EB 中痕量元素的存在延长了其凝固时间。发现 EB 中的 brushite 晶体尺寸小于纯 brushite 水泥 (PB)，导致初始抗压强度增加和体外降解率提高。L6 和 MG63 细胞系在 72 小时后与水泥表现出良好的生物相容性。在大鼠颅骨缺损模型中进行了水泥的体内研究。微 CT 分析表明，EB 填充的缺陷处降解速度更快，骨形成加速。组织学研究表明，在第 6 周时，两种水泥的植入部位均有炎症细胞浸润。然而，与 PB 相比，EB 在第 12 周时炎症明显减少，导致完全骨桥形成。多离子取代的 EB 似乎是一种具有合理凝固时间的潜在骨替代材料，易于处理，具有更高的机械强度、最小的炎症反应和更高的骨再生能力。
