Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Januária, Brazil.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019 Oct 28;19(1):284. doi: 10.1186/s12906-019-2701-7.
Stem bark of Luehea ochrophylla (L. ochrophylla) is used by the traditional Brazilian medicine for treatment of rheumatic diseases and tumors. This study aimed to investigate inhibition of acute and chronic inflammations and cytotoxic activity of extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds from L. ochrophylla.
Hexane (HE) and ethanol (EE) extracts obtained from stem bark of L. ochrophylla were submitted to chromatographic fractionation. In order to test acute inflammation, experimental model of impact injury was used, followed by transdermal application of gels using phonophoresis. Histological analysis was based on scores assigned by the capacity of decreasing the lesion. To evaluate the effect EE and fractions on cell proliferation, human lymphocytes were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin and analyzed using flow cytometry. Proliferation was measured using VPD 450 staining and the calculated proliferative index (PI). The cytotoxic activity was evaluated using MTT colorimetric method against MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, HCT-116, and Vero cells. GraphPad Prism Version 5 was used for statistical analysis.
HE and EE provided friedelin, β-friedelinol, lupeol, mixture of lupeol and pseudotaraxasterol, β-sitosterol, betulinic acid, mixture of lupeol and taraxasterol, (-)-epicatechin, β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and (+)-epicatechin-(4β-8)-epicatechin. HE, ethyl acetate fraction (AF), betulinic acid, and β-sitosterol promoted regeneration of muscle fibers caused by muscle injury. AF significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the lymphocyte proliferation index (1.36 for cultures stimulated with PHA, 0.7 for untreated cultures and 0.12 for cultures stimulated with PHA and treated with AF 25 μg/mL and AF 50 μg/mL, respectively). β-Sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside exhibited high cytotoxic activity (IC = 1.279 μg/mL) against HCT-116 cell line.
These results suggest that extracts, fractions, and chemical constituents from L. ochrophylla decreases inflammatory processes generated by muscle injury. The anti-inflammatory activity may be justified by high inhibition of T cell proliferation. These extracts, fractions, and chemical constituents from L. ochrophylla may be useful as a therapeutic agent against rheumatic diseases. Moreover, chemical constituents from L. ochrophylla show potent cytotoxic activity against colon and rectal carcinomas.
拉圭木（Luehea ochrophylla）的茎皮被巴西传统医学用于治疗风湿疾病和肿瘤。本研究旨在探究拉圭木的提取物、馏分和分离化合物对急性和慢性炎症的抑制作用及细胞毒性。
从拉圭木的茎皮中提取的正己烷（HE）和乙醇（EE）提取物进行了色谱分离。为了测试急性炎症，采用冲击损伤实验模型，随后通过声透法将凝胶经皮给药。组织学分析基于减少损伤的能力评分。为了评估 EE 和馏分对细胞增殖的影响，用植物血球凝集素刺激人淋巴细胞，并通过流式细胞术进行分析。使用 VPD 450 染色和计算的增殖指数（PI）来测量增殖。使用 MTT 比色法测定对 MDA-MB-231、MCF-7、HCT-116 和 Vero 细胞的细胞毒性。GraphPad Prism Version 5 用于统计分析。
HE 和 EE 提供了 friedelin、β-friedelinol、lupeol、lupeol 和 pseudotaraxasterol 的混合物、β-sitosterol、betulinic acid、lupeol 和 taraxasterol 的混合物、(-)-epicatechin、β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside 和 (+)-epicatechin-(4β-8)-epicatechin。HE、乙酸乙酯馏分（AF）、betulinic acid 和 β-sitosterol 促进了肌肉损伤引起的肌肉纤维再生。AF 显著（p<0.05）降低了淋巴细胞增殖指数（PHA 刺激的培养物为 1.36，未处理的培养物为 0.7，PHA 刺激并用 25μg/mL 和 50μg/mL AF 处理的培养物分别为 0.12）。β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside 对 HCT-116 细胞系表现出高细胞毒性（IC=1.279μg/mL）。
这些结果表明，拉圭木的提取物、馏分和化学成分可降低肌肉损伤引起的炎症过程。T 细胞增殖的高抑制可能解释了抗炎活性。拉圭木的这些提取物、馏分和化学成分可能可作为治疗风湿疾病的药物。此外，拉圭木的化学成分对结肠癌和直肠癌具有潜在的细胞毒性。
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