Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
SingHealth Polyclinics, Jalan Bukit Merah Connection One, Singapore.
PLoS One. 2019 Nov 6;14(11):e0224649. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224649. eCollection 2019.
Self-care has been shown to improve clinical outcome of hypertension. Gauging the level of self-care among patients with hypertension enables the design of their personalized care plans. This study aimed to determine the self-care profiles and its determinants among patients with hypertension in the Malaysian primary care setting.
This was a cross sectional study conducted between 1 October 2016-30 April 2017 in three primary care clinics in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. All adults aged 18 years and above with hypertension for at least 6 months were recruited with a systematic random sampling of 1:2 ratio. The participants were assisted in the administration of the structured questionnaire, which included socio-demographic information, medical information and the Hypertension Self-Care Profile (HTN SCP) tool. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0. Multiple linear regression was performed to determine the determinants for self-care.
The mean age of the participants was 59.5 (SD10.2) years old. There were more women (52.5%) and most were Malays (44.0%) follow by Chinese (34%) and Indians (21%). Majority (84.2%) had secondary or primary school level of education. A third (30.7%) had a family history of hypertension. The mean total HTN-SCP score was 124.2 (SD 22.8) out of 180. The significant determinants that influenced the HTN-SCP scores included being men (B-4.5, P-value0.008), Chinese ethnicity (B-14.7, P-value<0.001), primary level education/no formal school education level (B-15.7, P-value<0.001), secondary level education (B-9.2, P-value<0.001) and family history of hypertension (B 4.4, P-value 0.014).
The overall hypertension self-care profile among patients in this multi-ethnic country was moderate. Being men, Chinese, lower education level and without family history of hypertension were associated with lower hypertension self-care profile score. Healthcare intervention programmes to address self-care should target this group of patients.
自我护理已被证明可以改善高血压的临床结果。评估高血压患者的自我护理水平可以为他们制定个性化的护理计划。本研究旨在确定马来西亚初级保健环境中高血压患者的自我护理特征及其决定因素。
这是一项横断面研究，于 2016 年 10 月 1 日至 2017 年 4 月 30 日在马来西亚雪兰莪州的三个初级保健诊所进行。所有年龄在 18 岁及以上、高血压至少 6 个月的成年人，采用 1:2 比例的系统随机抽样方法招募。参与者在结构化问卷的管理方面得到了协助，该问卷包括社会人口统计学信息、医疗信息和高血压自我护理概况（HTN SCP）工具。使用 SPSS 版本 20.0 进行统计分析。多元线性回归用于确定自我护理的决定因素。
参与者的平均年龄为 59.5（SD10.2）岁。女性（52.5%）多于男性，大多数是马来人（44.0%），其次是华人（34%）和印度人（21%）。大多数（84.2%）人接受过中学或小学教育。三分之一（30.7%）有高血压家族史。HTN-SCP 总分平均为 124.2（SD 22.8），满分 180 分。影响 HTN-SCP 评分的显著决定因素包括男性（B-4.5，P 值<0.008）、华裔（B-14.7，P 值<0.001）、小学或未接受正规学校教育水平（B-15.7，P 值<0.001）、中学水平教育（B-9.2，P 值<0.001）和高血压家族史（B 4.4，P 值 0.014）。
在这个多民族国家，高血压患者的整体自我护理状况中等。男性、华裔、较低的教育水平和没有高血压家族史与较低的高血压自我护理状况评分有关。解决自我护理问题的医疗干预计划应针对这组患者。
