Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
Division of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2019 Nov 19;21(12):49. doi: 10.1007/s11883-019-0814-6.
The consumption of foods and beverages containing non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) has increased worldwide over the last three decades. Consumers' choice of NNS rather than sugar or other nutritive sweeteners may be attributable to their potential to reduce weight gain.
It is not clear what the effects of NNS consumption are on glycaemic control and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. This review aims to examine this question in epidemiological, human intervention and animal studies. It is not clear that NNS consumption has an effect on the incidence of type 2 diabetes or on glycaemic control even though there is some evidence for the modification of the microbiome and for interaction with sweet taste receptors in the oral cavity and the intestines' modification of secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), ghrelin and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which may affect glycaemia following consumption of NNS. In conclusion, long-term studies of NNS consumption are required to draw a firm conclusion about the role of NNS consumption on glycaemic control.
在过去的三十年中，全世界范围内含有非营养性甜味剂（NNS）的食品和饮料的消费有所增加。消费者选择 NNS 而不是糖或其他营养性甜味剂，可能是因为它们有可能减少体重增加。
目前还不清楚 NNS 的摄入对血糖控制和 2 型糖尿病的发病率有什么影响。本综述旨在研究流行病学、人体干预和动物研究中这一问题。尽管有一些证据表明 NNS 的摄入会改变微生物组，并与口腔和肠道中的甜味受体相互作用，从而改变胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）、肽 YY（PYY）、胃饥饿素和葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素释放肽（GIP）的分泌，但 NNS 的摄入对 2 型糖尿病的发病率或血糖控制没有影响。因此，需要进行长期的 NNS 摄入研究，才能对 NNS 摄入对血糖控制的作用得出明确的结论。
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