Neurology Department, 251 Air Force General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Second Neurology Department, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Athens, Greece.
J Headache Pain. 2019 Dec 13;20(1):113. doi: 10.1186/s10194-019-1060-6.
More than 0.6 million people suffer from disabling migraines in Greece causing a dramatic work loss, but only a small proportion of migraineurs attend headache centres, most of them being treated by non-experts. On behalf of the Hellenic Headache Society, we report here a consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of adult migraine that is based on the recent guidelines of the European Headache Federation, on the principles of Good Clinical Practice and on the Greek regulatory affairs. The purposes are three-fold: (1) to increase awareness for migraine in Greece; (2) to support Greek practitioners who are treating migraineurs; and (3) to help Greek migraineurs to get the most appropriate treatment. For mild migraine, symptomatic treatment with high dose simple analgesics is suggested, while for moderate to severe migraines triptans or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or both, should be administered following an individually tailored therapeutic strategy. A rescue acute treatment option should always be advised. For episodic migraine prevention, metoprolol (50-200 mg/d), propranolol (40-240 mg/d), flunarizine (5-10 mg/d), valproate (500-1800 mg/d), topiramate (25-100 mg/d) and candesartan (16-32 mg/d) are the drugs of first choice. For chronic migraine prevention topiramate (100-200 mg/d), valproate (500-1800 mg/d), flunarizine (5-10 mg/d) and venlafaxine (150 mg/d) may be used, but the evidence is very limited. Botulinum toxin type A and monoclonal antibodies targeting the CGRP pathway (anti-CGRP mAbs) are recommended for patients suffering from chronic migraine (with or without medication overuse) who failed or did not tolerate two previous treatments. Anti-CGRP mAbs are also suggested for patients suffering from high frequency episodic migraine (≥8 migraine days per month and less than 14) who failed or did not tolerate two previous treatments.
在希腊,超过 60 万人患有致残性偏头痛,导致严重的工作损失,但只有一小部分偏头痛患者会去头痛中心就诊,其中大多数人是由非专家治疗的。代表希腊头痛学会,我们根据欧洲头痛联合会的最新指南、良好临床实践原则和希腊监管事务,报告了成人偏头痛的诊断和治疗共识。目的有三个方面:(1)提高希腊对偏头痛的认识;(2)支持治疗偏头痛患者的希腊从业者;(3)帮助希腊偏头痛患者获得最合适的治疗。对于轻度偏头痛,建议使用高剂量单一镇痛药进行对症治疗,而对于中度至重度偏头痛,应根据个体化治疗策略给予曲坦类药物或非甾体抗炎药,或两者联合使用。应始终建议使用急救急性治疗方案。对于发作性偏头痛的预防,可选用美托洛尔(50-200mg/d)、普萘洛尔(40-240mg/d)、氟桂利嗪(5-10mg/d)、丙戊酸钠(500-1800mg/d)、托吡酯(25-100mg/d)和坎地沙坦(16-32mg/d)作为首选药物。对于慢性偏头痛的预防,可选用托吡酯(100-200mg/d)、丙戊酸钠(500-1800mg/d)、氟桂利嗪(5-10mg/d)和文拉法辛(150mg/d),但证据非常有限。对于慢性偏头痛(有或无药物滥用)患者,或对两种先前治疗不耐受或无效的患者,推荐使用肉毒杆菌毒素 A 型和靶向 CGRP 通路的单克隆抗体(抗 CGRP mAbs)。对于高频率发作性偏头痛(每月偏头痛发作≥8 天且少于 14 天)患者,或对两种先前治疗不耐受或无效的患者,也建议使用抗 CGRP mAbs。