Centro Avançado de Pesquisa de Citros "Sylvio Moreira", Instituto Agronômico, Cordeirópolis/São Paulo, CEP.13490-970, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Vegetal e Bioprocessos Associados/Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras/São Paulo, CEP 13600-970, Brazil.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Dec 16;36(1):7. doi: 10.1007/s11274-019-2772-0.
Orange juice is a major agricultural product, and oranges are among the most widely sold fresh fruits in several countries. Citrus black spot (CBS), caused by the fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa, affects almost every species of citrus, causing a esthetic depreciation of the fruit and fruit drop, with consequent financial loss for its in natura commercialization. Fungicides are the major control measure for CBS, but have limited efficiency and high cost, and give rise to fungal strains resistant to these products. This work assayed the production of antifungal compounds by Bacillus spp. isolates and tested the potential of two isolates from B. subtilis (ACB-AP3 and ACB-83) for controlling CBS under field conditions with two previously untested orange varieties. A total of 15 isolates produced cell-free, thermostable or volatile compounds effective in suppressing P. citricarpa growth in vitro. It was possible to detect the production of two antibiotics (iturin and surfactin) by B. subtilis ACB-83. Additionally, B. subtilis isolates ACB-AP3 and ACB-83 displayed significant effects in controlling the disease under field conditions.
橙汁是一种主要的农产品，橙子是几个国家最广泛销售的新鲜水果之一。由真菌 Phyllosticta citricarpa 引起的柑橘黑斑病几乎影响到所有柑橘属物种，导致果实外观贬值和果实脱落，从而对其商业化造成经济损失。杀菌剂是柑橘黑斑病的主要防治措施，但效率有限且成本高，并导致真菌对这些产品产生抗性。这项工作检测了芽孢杆菌属分离物产生抗真菌化合物的能力，并测试了来自枯草芽孢杆菌的两个分离物（ACB-AP3 和 ACB-83）在田间条件下控制 CBS 的潜力，使用了两种以前未经测试的甜橙品种。总共 15 个分离物产生了细胞外、热稳定或挥发性化合物，有效抑制了体外 P. citricarpa 的生长。可以检测到枯草芽孢杆菌 ACB-83 产生了两种抗生素（iturin 和 surfactin）。此外，枯草芽孢杆菌分离物 ACB-AP3 和 ACB-83 在田间条件下对控制该疾病表现出显著效果。
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