Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China.
Int J Dermatol. 2020 Mar;59(3):308-313. doi: 10.1111/ijd.14725. Epub 2019 Dec 17.
The affecting factors of mucocutaneous manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients remain unclear in China.
A retrospective analysis was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients in Yunnan, China. The demographic data, mucocutaneous manifestations, CD4 cell counts, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens were collected. The effects of CD4 cell count and ART on the spectrum of mucocutaneous manifestations were evaluated.
Among 508 HIV/AIDS patients, 86.0% of cases showed mucocutaneous manifestations. The average CD4 cell count (176 cells/μl) of the patients with manifestations was significantly lower than those without manifestations (328 cells/μl) (P < 0.001). Diseases such as herpes zoster, oral candidiasis, condyloma acuminatum, genital herpes, oral leukoplakia, talaromycosis, cryptococcosis, and HIV-PPE (pruritic papular eruption) were represented quite frequently in patients with CD4 cell count <200 cells/μl (P < 0.05), but eczema was suffered by those with CD4 cell count ≥200 cells/μl (P < 0.05). ART could decline the incidence of herpes zoster, oral candidiasis, condyloma acuminatum, genital herpes, oral leukoplakia, talaromycosis, and cryptococcosis (P < 0.05).
Mucocutaneous manifestations are closely related to the CD4 cell count and can be used as early predictors of HIV/AIDS and immune status in clinic. ART could reduce the incidence of certain mucocutaneous manifestations.
中国 HIV/AIDS 患者黏膜皮肤表现的影响因素仍不清楚。
对中国云南省的 HIV/AIDS 患者进行回顾性分析。收集患者的人口统计学资料、黏膜皮肤表现、CD4 细胞计数和抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)方案。评估 CD4 细胞计数和 ART 对黏膜皮肤表现谱的影响。
在 508 例 HIV/AIDS 患者中,86.0%的患者有黏膜皮肤表现。有表现的患者平均 CD4 细胞计数(176 个/μl)明显低于无表现的患者(328 个/μl)(P<0.001)。CD4 细胞计数<200 个/μl 的患者中,带状疱疹、口腔念珠菌病、尖锐湿疣、生殖器疱疹、口腔白斑病、足放线病菌病、隐球菌病和 HIV-PPE(瘙痒性丘疹性发疹)等疾病较为常见(P<0.05),而 CD4 细胞计数≥200 个/μl 的患者则患有湿疹(P<0.05)。ART 可降低带状疱疹、口腔念珠菌病、尖锐湿疣、生殖器疱疹、口腔白斑病、足放线病菌病和隐球菌病的发生率(P<0.05)。
黏膜皮肤表现与 CD4 细胞计数密切相关,可作为临床 HIV/AIDS 和免疫状态的早期预测指标。ART 可降低某些黏膜皮肤表现的发生率。