Impact of biparametric prebiopsy prostate magnetic resonance imaging on the diagnostics of clinically significant prostate cancer in biopsy naïve men.

The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPCa) in men with biparametric prebiopsy prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and lesion-targeted biopsies (TBs) to the group of men without prebiopsy MRI in an initial biopsy session. The MRI group consists of men enrolled into four prospective clinical trials investigating a biparametric MRI (bpMRI) and TB while the non-MRI group was a retrospective cohort of men collected from an era prior to a clinical use of a prostate MRI. All men had standard biopsies (SBs). In the MRI group, men had additional TBs from potential cancer-suspicious lesions. CSPCa was defined as Gleason score ≥3 + 4 in any biopsy core taken. All the patients were prostate biopsy naïve. The MRI group consists of 507 while the non-MRI group 379 men. Mean age and prostate specific antigen (PSA) level differed significantly ( < 0.05) between the groups: In the MRI group, 64 years and 7.6 ng/ml, respectively, and in the non-MRI group 68 years and 8.2 ng/ml, respectively. Significantly ( < 0.05) more CSPCa was diagnosed with initial biopsies in the MRI group (48%) compared to non-MRI group (34%). In men with no CSPCa diagnosed during the initial biopsies, significantly fewer ( < 0.05) men had upgrading re-biopsies in the MRI group (5%) than in the non-MRI group (19%) during the follow up. Prebiopsy bpMRI with TBs combined with SBs could lead to earlier diagnoses of CSPCa compared with men without prebiopsy prostate MRI used in initial PCa diagnostics.