de Evan Trinidad, Carro María Dolores, Fernández Yepes Julia Eugenia, Haro Ana, Arbesú Lesly, Romero-Huelva Manuel, Molina-Alcaide Eduarda
Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Agroalimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Estación Experimental del Zaidín (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Jan 23;10(2):194. doi: 10.3390/ani10020194.
Twelve Murciano-Granadina dairy goats were divided into two homogeneous groups, which were fed either a control diet composed of 40% alfalfa hay and 60% concentrate or a diet based on 40% alfalfa hay, 40% concentrate and 20% multinutrient blocks, including 14.8% avocado pulp and peels (APP). Total dry matter (DM) intake was similar (p = 0.709) for both diets, but APP-fed goats had lower (p = 0.024) concentrate intake and tended (p = 0.063) to have lower fat intake compared with those fed the control diet. The average intake of blocks was low (66.4 g DM/d), which was attributed to avocado lipids oxidation and rancidity. Neither milk yield (p = 0,921) nor the efficiency of energy and nitrogen use were affected (p = 0.909 and 0. 840, respectively) by the diet, but milk fat tended to be greater (p = 0.057) in the APP-fed goats compared with the animals fed the control diet. Other milk components were similar (p ≥ 0.110) for both diets, and only subtle changes in the milk fatty acid profile were observed. In summary, the intake of blocks containing avocado wastes by dairy goats was low probably due to avocado lipids oxidation causing off-flavors and reduced palatability.
12只穆尔西亚-格拉纳迪纳奶山羊被分为两个同质组，分别饲喂由40%苜蓿干草和60%精料组成的对照日粮，或由40%苜蓿干草、40%精料和20%多营养块组成的日粮，后者包含14.8%的鳄梨果肉和果皮（APP）。两种日粮的总干物质（DM）摄入量相似（p = 0.709），但与饲喂对照日粮的山羊相比，饲喂APP的山羊精料摄入量较低（p = 0.024），脂肪摄入量也有降低的趋势（p = 0.063）。多营养块的平均摄入量较低（66.4克DM/天），这归因于鳄梨脂质的氧化和酸败。日粮对产奶量（p = 0.921）以及能量和氮的利用效率均无影响（分别为p = 0.909和0.840），但与饲喂对照日粮的山羊相比，饲喂APP的山羊乳脂肪含量有增加的趋势（p = 0.057）。两种日粮的其他乳成分相似（p≥0.110），仅观察到乳脂肪酸谱有细微变化。总之，奶山羊对含鳄梨废弃物的多营养块摄入量较低，可能是由于鳄梨脂质氧化导致异味产生和适口性下降。
