伊拉克杜胡克省动物产品中致泻性（物质）的流行情况。
Prevalence of diarrheagenic in animal products in Duhok province, Iraq.
作者信息
Taha Z M, Yassin N A
机构信息
Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq.
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq.
出版信息
Iran J Vet Res. 2019 Fall;20(4):255-262.
BACKGROUND
Diarrheagenic (DEC) is regarded as a great public health concern all around the world causing diarrhoea which can be transmitted through food chain.
AIMS
This study aimed to determine the contamination level and exact distribution rate of DEC in food products consumed by human.
METHODS
Seven hundred and twenty samples of food from animal origin and fishes were analysed by conventional and molecular method for the presence of and two multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) for detection of DEC.
RESULTS
Two hundred and eighty-three isolates were detected. The classification of DEC by two multiplex PCR assay yielded 84 DEC pathotypes. Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) was detected at high rates (75%) followed by shiga-toxigenic (STEC) and enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) (each of 9.5%), enteroaggregative (EAEC) (3.5%) and atypical enteropathogenic (aEPEC) (about 2.3%). The highest number of DEC (n=26; 21.6%) was observed from beef carcasses in abattoir while the lowest number (n=7; 5.8%) was noticed from burger samples (P<0.01). Enterotoxigenic was widespread in local raw ground meat and fish surface swabs (P<0.001), EAEC (P<0.01), and EHEC (P<0.001) were only in beef carcasses swabs, STEC was more prevalent in both imported and local raw burger (P<0.01), while the isolates of aEPEC were from imported chicken carcasses (P>0.05).
CONCLUSION
High DEC contamination rate that was observed is attributed to the poor hygienic practices during food processing. Therefore, a superior hygienic application is required.
背景
致泻性大肠埃希菌（DEC）被视为全球重大公共卫生问题，可引发通过食物链传播的腹泻。
目的
本研究旨在确定人类食用的食品中DEC的污染水平及确切分布率。
方法
采用传统方法和分子方法对720份动物源性食品和鱼类样本进行分析，以检测DEC，并使用两种多重聚合酶链反应（mPCR）检测DEC。
结果
检测到283株大肠埃希菌分离株。通过两种多重PCR检测法对DEC进行分类，得到84种DEC致病型。产肠毒素大肠埃希菌（ETEC）检出率较高（75%），其次是产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌（STEC）和肠出血性大肠埃希菌（EHEC）（各占9.5%）、肠集聚性大肠埃希菌（EAEC）（3.5%）和非典型肠致病性大肠埃希菌（aEPEC）（约2.3%）。在屠宰场的牛肉胴体中观察到的DEC数量最多（n = 26；21.6%），而在汉堡样本中数量最少（n = 7；5.8%）（P < 0.01）。产肠毒素大肠埃希菌在当地生碎肉和鱼表面拭子中广泛存在（P < 0.001），EAEC（P < 0.01）和EHEC（P < 0.001）仅存在于牛肉胴体拭子中，STEC在进口和当地生汉堡中更为普遍（P < 0.01），而aEPEC分离株来自进口鸡胴体（P > 0.05）。
结论
观察到的高DEC污染率归因于食品加工过程中的卫生习惯不良。因此，需要更好地应用卫生措施。
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