社交焦虑与年轻人饮酒后果的关系的社会认知调节因素。

Social Cognitive Moderators of the Relationship Between Social Anxiety and Alcohol Outcomes in Young People.

机构信息

Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Lives Lived Well, Brisbane, Australia.

出版信息

J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2020 Jan;81(1):95-103.

PMID:32048607

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Social anxiety has been linked to problem drinking in young people. Identifying moderators of this relationship will aid the development of effective interventions for this at-risk group. This cross-sectional study examined whether anticipated social outcomes and controlled drinking self-efficacy moderated the relationship between social anxiety and alcohol outcomes.

METHOD

A total of 385 participants (drinkers and nondrinkers; mean age = 20.98, SD = 2.35; 65% female; 81% born in Australia), completed an online survey measuring alcohol consumption, alcohol-related harms, social anxiety, anticipated social outcomes, and controlled drinking self-efficacy. Regressions examined the interactive effects of social anxiety, anticipated social outcomes, and controlled drinking self-efficacy on alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harms.

RESULTS

A significant three-way interaction was found for alcohol consumption (95% CI [-0.523, -0.018]). Simple slopes revealed an inverse relationship between social anxiety and alcohol consumption when participants anticipated positive evaluations for being drunk and had high controlled drinking self-efficacy (95% CI [-1.181, -0.273]). The three-way interaction for alcohol-related harms was not significant (95% CI [-1.445, 0.799]). A significant two-way interaction revealed that the relationship between social anxiety and alcohol-related harms was only significant when individuals had low (95% CI [0.571, 3.943]), but not high (95% CI [-1.149, 0.735]), controlled drinking self-efficacy.

CONCLUSIONS

Social anxiety was associated with reduced alcohol consumption when young people anticipated positive evaluations for being drunk and had high confidence to control their drinking. Further, social anxiety was associated with alcohol-related harms when young people had low confidence to control their drinking. Interventions for alcohol use among socially anxious young people could focus on increasing confidence to control drinking.

摘要

目的

社交焦虑与年轻人的酗酒问题有关。确定这种关系的调节因素将有助于为这一高危群体开发有效的干预措施。本横断面研究检验了预期的社交结果和控制饮酒自我效能是否调节了社交焦虑与酒精结果之间的关系。

方法

共有 385 名参与者（饮酒者和非饮酒者；平均年龄=20.98，SD=2.35；65%为女性；81%出生在澳大利亚），完成了一项在线调查，测量饮酒量、与酒精相关的伤害、社交焦虑、预期的社交结果和控制饮酒的自我效能。回归检验了社交焦虑、预期的社交结果和控制饮酒自我效能对饮酒和与酒精相关的伤害的交互作用。

结果

发现饮酒量存在显著的三向交互作用（95%CI[-0.523，-0.018]）。简单斜率显示，当参与者预期醉酒时会得到积极评价且具有较高的控制饮酒自我效能时，社交焦虑与饮酒量呈负相关（95%CI[-1.181，-0.273]）。与酒精相关的伤害的三向交互作用不显著（95%CI[-1.445，0.799]）。显著的双向交互作用表明，只有当个体的控制饮酒自我效能较低时（95%CI[0.571，3.943]），而不是较高时（95%CI[-1.149，0.735]），社交焦虑与与酒精相关的伤害才存在显著关系。