College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education (Southeast University), Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2020 Apr 15;154:112056. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112056. Epub 2020 Feb 9.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by a variety of cells. They are known for their pertinent role in intercellular communication, and participation in different pathological processes, making them ideal candidate for utilization as a biomarker for diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In contemporary years, the concept of a well-established liquid biopsy technology, and detection and utilization of EVs as a biomarkers have received unprecedented attention. Many rapid and precise EVs detection methods have been proposed, however, majority of them detect EVs in a bulk. As the prevalent heterogeneity of single extracellular vesicle (SEV) plays an important role in the analysis of disease progression, therefore, to prevent information loss, increased attention has been paid to SEV detection with remarkable successes. Technologies like fluorescence labeling, micro imaging and microfluidic chip were successfully employed for EVs detection at SEV level. This review summarizes the recent advances in SEV detection methods, their potential targets, applications as well as concludes future prospects for developing new SEV detection strategies.
细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 由多种细胞分泌。它们在细胞间通讯中具有重要作用，并参与不同的病理过程，因此成为作为疾病诊断和治疗的生物标志物的理想候选物。近年来，作为一种成熟的液体活检技术的概念，以及 EVs 作为生物标志物的检测和利用已经受到前所未有的关注。已经提出了许多快速和精确的 EVs 检测方法，但大多数方法都是批量检测 EVs。由于单个细胞外囊泡 (SEV) 的普遍异质性在疾病进展分析中起着重要作用，因此，为了防止信息丢失，人们越来越关注 SEV 的检测，并取得了显著的成功。荧光标记、微成像和微流控芯片等技术已成功应用于 SEV 水平的 EVs 检测。本综述总结了 SEV 检测方法的最新进展、它们的潜在靶点、应用，并对开发新的 SEV 检测策略的未来前景进行了总结。
