尼日利亚城市人口中新诊断高血压患者的肾脏风险评估

Renal risk profiling in newly diagnosed hypertensives in an urban population in Nigeria.

作者信息

Gbadegesin Aderoju, Okunola Oluyomi, Ayodele Olugbenga, Arogundade Fatiu, Sanusi Abubakre, Akinsola Adewale

机构信息

LadokeAkintola University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria.

Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

出版信息

Afr Health Sci. 2019 Dec;19(4):2863-2873. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v19i4.8.

DOI:10.4314/ahs.v19i4.8

PMID:32127862

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7040353/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Hypertension is a cause and consequence of chronic kidney disease globally. The other factors that work in concert with hypertension to cause CKD are yet to be clearly elucidated. Studies have identified proteinuria, dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking and family history of CKD as renal risk factors. Due to the high morbidity and mortality associated with occurrence of CKD including the enormous financial burden involved in its management, the knowledge of prevention and understanding of the risk factors for development of CKD is highly essential. Therefore, Identifying well defined risk factors that display strong graded association with the occurrence and progression of CKD can help in elucidating potential targets for disease modification.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of renal risk factors and their impact on kidney function in newly diagnosed hypertensive Nigerians.

METHODS

This was a case control study of two hundred and fifty newly diagnosed hypertensive Nigerians recruited from two contiguous hospitals in an urban setting in south western Nigeria. Another group of two hundred and fifty apparently healthy age and sex matched normotensive Nigerians in the same community were recruited as controls.

RESULTS

Seventy (28%) of the newly diagnosed hypertensives had estimated glomerular filtration rate of less than 60ml/min, while 42.4% and 18.8% of the subjects and the controls had microalbuminuria respectively. The newly diagnosed hypertensives had significantly higher prevalence of analgesic use (86.4% versus 41.6%, p < 0.001), alcohol consumption (20.8% versus 12%, p = 0.008), use of canned salted food (18.8% versus 8.4%, p= 0.001) and central obesity (36.1% versus 26.8%, p= 0.025) compared to controls.

CONCLUSION

There is a significant occurrence of modifiable renal risk factors in newly diagnosed hypertensives and this offers a platform for instituting preventive strategies in the community.

摘要

引言

在全球范围内，高血压既是慢性肾脏病的病因，也是其结果。与高血压共同作用导致慢性肾脏病的其他因素尚未完全阐明。研究已确定蛋白尿、血脂异常、肥胖、吸烟和慢性肾脏病家族史为肾脏危险因素。由于慢性肾脏病的发生伴随着高发病率和死亡率，包括其管理涉及的巨大经济负担，了解慢性肾脏病的预防措施和危险因素至关重要。因此，识别与慢性肾脏病的发生和进展呈现强分级关联的明确危险因素，有助于阐明疾病改善的潜在靶点。

目的

本研究旨在确定新诊断的尼日利亚高血压患者中肾脏危险因素的患病率及其对肾功能的影响。

方法

这是一项病例对照研究，从尼日利亚西南部城市地区的两家相邻医院招募了250名新诊断的尼日利亚高血压患者。另招募了同一社区中250名年龄和性别匹配的明显健康的血压正常的尼日利亚人作为对照组。

结果

新诊断的高血压患者中有70例（28%）估算肾小球滤过率低于60ml/分钟，而研究对象和对照组中分别有42.4%和18.8%的人有微量白蛋白尿。与对照组相比，新诊断的高血压患者中使用镇痛药的患病率显著更高（86.4%对41.6%，p<0.001）、饮酒率（20.8%对12%，p = 0.008）、食用罐装腌制食品率（18.8%对8.4%，p = 0.001）和中心性肥胖率（36.1%对26.8%，p = 0.025）。